재현가능한 과학적 분석을 위한 중급 R
data.table
학습 목표
data.table을 사용해서 일반적인 데이터프레임 작업을 수행하는 방법을 이해한다.- R에서 객체 구조를 면밀히 조사하는 방법을 이해한다.
data.table에 대한 키를 설정한다.
먼저 data.table 팩키지를 학습한다. 데이터테이블은 데이터프레임에 대해 몇가지 장점이 있다:
- 데이터프레임보다 속도가 엄청 빠르다. 데이터프레임으로 몇시간 소요되는 작업이 데이터테이블로 몇초면 해결된다.
- 코드를 더 간결하게 작성하도록 해서, 복잡한 문장과 반복되는 부분집합 연산을 회피할 수 있다.
- 데이터테이블 키를 사용해서 행명칭(rownames)을 매칭하는 걱정없이, 다수 테이블을 병합/쿼리할 수 있다.
데이터 불러 읽어오기
팩키지를 불러 읽어올리고, 데이터를 불러 읽어온다:
library("data.table")
gap <- fread("data/gapminder-FiveYearData.csv")
gap## country year pop continent lifeExp gdpPercap
## 1: Afghanistan 1952 8425333 Asia 28.801 779.4453
## 2: Afghanistan 1957 9240934 Asia 30.332 820.8530
## 3: Afghanistan 1962 10267083 Asia 31.997 853.1007
## 4: Afghanistan 1967 11537966 Asia 34.020 836.1971
## 5: Afghanistan 1972 13079460 Asia 36.088 739.9811
## ---
## 1700: Zimbabwe 1987 9216418 Africa 62.351 706.1573
## 1701: Zimbabwe 1992 10704340 Africa 60.377 693.4208
## 1702: Zimbabwe 1997 11404948 Africa 46.809 792.4500
## 1703: Zimbabwe 2002 11926563 Africa 39.989 672.0386
## 1704: Zimbabwe 2007 12311143 Africa 43.487 469.7093data.table 팩키지로부터 fread 함수를 사용해서 올바르게 데이터를 불러 읽어온 것을 확인할 수 있다. 데이터프레임과 달리, R이 자동으로 테이블에서 첫째와 마지막 행 5개를 출력한다.
fread는 read.table과 유사하게 작동한다: 데이터에서 의미를 유추해서 적절히 데이터를 불러오려 최대한 노력한다. 큰 테이블의 경우 fread가 read.table 보다 훨씬 더 빠르지만, 정교함은 약간 떨어진다. 데이터를 올바르게 불러오는데 있어 read.table 함수 혹은 파생된 함수를 사용하고 나서, 데이터테이블로 던져 처리한다:
# data.table 함수는 'keep.rownames = TRUE' 설정을 하지 않으면,
# 행명칭(rownames)를 버려버린다.
gap_df <- read.csv("data/gapminder-FiveYearData.csv")
gap_dt2 <- as.data.table(gap_df)구조함수(str) 함수를 사용해서, data.table이 정확하게 무엇으로 구성되었는지 면밀히 조사한다:
str(gap)## Classes 'data.table' and 'data.frame': 1704 obs. of 6 variables:
## $ country : chr "Afghanistan" "Afghanistan" "Afghanistan" "Afghanistan" ...
## $ year : int 1952 1957 1962 1967 1972 1977 1982 1987 1992 1997 ...
## $ pop : num 8425333 9240934 10267083 11537966 13079460 ...
## $ continent: chr "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" ...
## $ lifeExp : num 28.8 30.3 32 34 36.1 ...
## $ gdpPercap: num 779 821 853 836 740 ...
## - attr(*, ".internal.selfref")=<externalptr>data.table은 단순히 데이터프레임에 추가적인 클래스가 부착되어 있다. “.internal.selfref” 라는 특수 속성도 함께 있는데, 이는 저수준 언어로 메모리에 데이터를 작업하는데 data.table이 사용하는 외부 포인터다.
데이터테이블은 데이터프레임을 필요로 하는 함수 대부분과 (이전 버젼과) 호환성(backwards compatible)을 유지한다. 하지만, 경우에 따라서는 객체 첫 클래스만 검사하는 함수에 대해 as.data.frame을 사용할 필요도 있다.
상기 내용을 증명하는데, 객체 동치성을 검사한다:
all.equal(gap, gap_df)## Error in `:=`((i), .xi): Check that is.data.table(DT) == TRUE. Otherwise, := and `:=`(...) are defined for use in j, once only and in particular ways. See help(":=").all.equal(gap, gap_df, check.attributes = FALSE)## Error in `:=`((i), .xi): Check that is.data.table(DT) == TRUE. Otherwise, := and `:=`(...) are defined for use in j, once only and in particular ways. See help(":=").상기 메시지가 객체 속성은 다르지만, 밑에 깔린 데이터는 동일함을 보여주고 있다.
기본 연산
데이터테이블에 거의 모든 연산은 [ 함수 내부에서 실행되고, 메모리 위 그자리에서 실행된다. 연산 일부를 살펴보고, 데이터프레임과 동등한지도 함께 알아보자:
행을 선택하거나 필터링할 때, 데이터프레임과 마찬가지로 [ 함수의 첫번째 인자를 사용한다:
gap[continent == "Oceania"]## country year pop continent lifeExp gdpPercap
## 1: Australia 1952 8691212 Oceania 69.120 10039.60
## 2: Australia 1957 9712569 Oceania 70.330 10949.65
## 3: Australia 1962 10794968 Oceania 70.930 12217.23
## 4: Australia 1967 11872264 Oceania 71.100 14526.12
## 5: Australia 1972 13177000 Oceania 71.930 16788.63
## 6: Australia 1977 14074100 Oceania 73.490 18334.20
## 7: Australia 1982 15184200 Oceania 74.740 19477.01
## 8: Australia 1987 16257249 Oceania 76.320 21888.89
## 9: Australia 1992 17481977 Oceania 77.560 23424.77
## 10: Australia 1997 18565243 Oceania 78.830 26997.94
## 11: Australia 2002 19546792 Oceania 80.370 30687.75
## 12: Australia 2007 20434176 Oceania 81.235 34435.37
## 13: New Zealand 1952 1994794 Oceania 69.390 10556.58
## 14: New Zealand 1957 2229407 Oceania 70.260 12247.40
## 15: New Zealand 1962 2488550 Oceania 71.240 13175.68
## 16: New Zealand 1967 2728150 Oceania 71.520 14463.92
## 17: New Zealand 1972 2929100 Oceania 71.890 16046.04
## 18: New Zealand 1977 3164900 Oceania 72.220 16233.72
## 19: New Zealand 1982 3210650 Oceania 73.840 17632.41
## 20: New Zealand 1987 3317166 Oceania 74.320 19007.19
## 21: New Zealand 1992 3437674 Oceania 76.330 18363.32
## 22: New Zealand 1997 3676187 Oceania 77.550 21050.41
## 23: New Zealand 2002 3908037 Oceania 79.110 23189.80
## 24: New Zealand 2007 4115771 Oceania 80.204 25185.01
## country year pop continent lifeExp gdpPercap# 데이터프레임 대응표현
gap_df[gap_df$continent == "Oceania",]## country year pop continent lifeExp gdpPercap
## 61 Australia 1952 8691212 Oceania 69.120 10039.60
## 62 Australia 1957 9712569 Oceania 70.330 10949.65
## 63 Australia 1962 10794968 Oceania 70.930 12217.23
## 64 Australia 1967 11872264 Oceania 71.100 14526.12
## 65 Australia 1972 13177000 Oceania 71.930 16788.63
## 66 Australia 1977 14074100 Oceania 73.490 18334.20
## 67 Australia 1982 15184200 Oceania 74.740 19477.01
## 68 Australia 1987 16257249 Oceania 76.320 21888.89
## 69 Australia 1992 17481977 Oceania 77.560 23424.77
## 70 Australia 1997 18565243 Oceania 78.830 26997.94
## 71 Australia 2002 19546792 Oceania 80.370 30687.75
## 72 Australia 2007 20434176 Oceania 81.235 34435.37
## 1093 New Zealand 1952 1994794 Oceania 69.390 10556.58
## 1094 New Zealand 1957 2229407 Oceania 70.260 12247.40
## 1095 New Zealand 1962 2488550 Oceania 71.240 13175.68
## 1096 New Zealand 1967 2728150 Oceania 71.520 14463.92
## 1097 New Zealand 1972 2929100 Oceania 71.890 16046.04
## 1098 New Zealand 1977 3164900 Oceania 72.220 16233.72
## 1099 New Zealand 1982 3210650 Oceania 73.840 17632.41
## 1100 New Zealand 1987 3317166 Oceania 74.320 19007.19
## 1101 New Zealand 1992 3437674 Oceania 76.330 18363.32
## 1102 New Zealand 1997 3676187 Oceania 77.550 21050.41
## 1103 New Zealand 2002 3908037 Oceania 79.110 23189.80
## 1104 New Zealand 2007 4115771 Oceania 80.204 25185.01continent를 타이핑할 때, 데이터테이블은 테이블에 해당 칼럼을 찾는다: 데이터프레임에서 타이핑할 때 필요한 불필요한 것을 제거했다. 칼럼 다수를 필터링할 때, 훨씬 더 편리하다:
gap[continent == "Oceania" & country == "Australia" & year %in% c(1952, 2007)]## country year pop continent lifeExp gdpPercap
## 1: Australia 1952 8691212 Oceania 69.120 10039.60
## 2: Australia 2007 20434176 Oceania 81.235 34435.37# 데이터프레임 대응표현
gap_df[gap_df$continent == "Oceania" & gap_df$country == "Australia" & gap_df$year %in% c(1952, 2007),]## country year pop continent lifeExp gdpPercap
## 61 Australia 1952 8691212 Oceania 69.120 10039.60
## 72 Australia 2007 20434176 Oceania 81.235 34435.37데이터프레임 호출은 여전히 테이터테이블에도 동작함에 주목한다:
gap[gap$continent == "Oceania" & gap$country == "Australia" & gap$year %in% c(1952, 2007),]## country year pop continent lifeExp gdpPercap
## 1: Australia 1952 8691212 Oceania 69.120 10039.60
## 2: Australia 2007 20434176 Oceania 81.235 34435.37칼럼을 선택할 때, 데이터프레임처럼 [ 함수에 두번째 인자를 넘겨 사용한다:
gap[,continent]## [1] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [7] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [13] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [19] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [25] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [31] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [37] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [43] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [49] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [55] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [61] "Oceania" "Oceania" "Oceania" "Oceania" "Oceania" "Oceania"
## [67] "Oceania" "Oceania" "Oceania" "Oceania" "Oceania" "Oceania"
## [73] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [79] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [85] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [91] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [97] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [103] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [109] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [115] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [121] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [127] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [133] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [139] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [145] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [151] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [157] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [163] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [169] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [175] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [181] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [187] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [193] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [199] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [205] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [211] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [217] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [223] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [229] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [235] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [241] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [247] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [253] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [259] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [265] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [271] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [277] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [283] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [289] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [295] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [301] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [307] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [313] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [319] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [325] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [331] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [337] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [343] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [349] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [355] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [361] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [367] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [373] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [379] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [385] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [391] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [397] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [403] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [409] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [415] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [421] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [427] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [433] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [439] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [445] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [451] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [457] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [463] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [469] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [475] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [481] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [487] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [493] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [499] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [505] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [511] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [517] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [523] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [529] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [535] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [541] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [547] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [553] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [559] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [565] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [571] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [577] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [583] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [589] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [595] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [601] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [607] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [613] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [619] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [625] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [631] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [637] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [643] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [649] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [655] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [661] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [667] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [673] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [679] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [685] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [691] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [697] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [703] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [709] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [715] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [721] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [727] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [733] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [739] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [745] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [751] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [757] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [763] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [769] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [775] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [781] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [787] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [793] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [799] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [805] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [811] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [817] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [823] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [829] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [835] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [841] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [847] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [853] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [859] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [865] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [871] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [877] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [883] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [889] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [895] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [901] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [907] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [913] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [919] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [925] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [931] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [937] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [943] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [949] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [955] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [961] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [967] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [973] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [979] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [985] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [991] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [997] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1003] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1009] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1015] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1021] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1027] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1033] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1039] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1045] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1051] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1057] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1063] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1069] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1075] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1081] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1087] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1093] "Oceania" "Oceania" "Oceania" "Oceania" "Oceania" "Oceania"
## [1099] "Oceania" "Oceania" "Oceania" "Oceania" "Oceania" "Oceania"
## [1105] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [1111] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [1117] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1123] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1129] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1135] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1141] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1147] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1153] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1159] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1165] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1171] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1177] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [1183] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [1189] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [1195] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [1201] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [1207] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [1213] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1219] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1225] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1231] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1237] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1243] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1249] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [1255] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [1261] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1267] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1273] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1279] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1285] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1291] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1297] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1303] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1309] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1315] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1321] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1327] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1333] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1339] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1345] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1351] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1357] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1363] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1369] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1375] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1381] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1387] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1393] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1399] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1405] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1411] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1417] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1423] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1429] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1435] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1441] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1447] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1453] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1459] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1465] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1471] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1477] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1483] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1489] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1495] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1501] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1507] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1513] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1519] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1525] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1531] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1537] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1543] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1549] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [1555] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [1561] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1567] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1573] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1579] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1585] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1591] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1597] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1603] "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe" "Europe"
## [1609] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [1615] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [1621] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [1627] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [1633] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [1639] "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas" "Americas"
## [1645] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1651] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1657] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1663] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1669] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1675] "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia" "Asia"
## [1681] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1687] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1693] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"
## [1699] "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa" "Africa"# 데이터프레임 대응표현
gap_df[,"continent"]## [1] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [8] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Europe Europe
## [15] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [22] Europe Europe Europe Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [29] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [36] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [43] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Americas
## [50] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [57] Americas Americas Americas Americas Oceania Oceania Oceania
## [64] Oceania Oceania Oceania Oceania Oceania Oceania Oceania
## [71] Oceania Oceania Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [78] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [85] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [92] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [99] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [106] Asia Asia Asia Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [113] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [120] Europe Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [127] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Americas
## [134] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [141] Americas Americas Americas Americas Europe Europe Europe
## [148] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [155] Europe Europe Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [162] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [169] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [176] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Europe Europe
## [183] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [190] Europe Europe Europe Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [197] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [204] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [211] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Asia
## [218] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [225] Asia Asia Asia Asia Africa Africa Africa
## [232] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [239] Africa Africa Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [246] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [253] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [260] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [267] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [274] Africa Africa Africa Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [281] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [288] Americas Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [295] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Americas
## [302] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [309] Americas Americas Americas Americas Africa Africa Africa
## [316] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [323] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [330] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [337] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [344] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Americas Americas
## [351] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [358] Americas Americas Americas Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [365] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [372] Africa Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [379] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Americas
## [386] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [393] Americas Americas Americas Americas Europe Europe Europe
## [400] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [407] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [414] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [421] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [428] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Americas Americas
## [435] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [442] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [449] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [456] Americas Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [463] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Americas
## [470] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [477] Americas Americas Americas Americas Africa Africa Africa
## [484] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [491] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [498] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [505] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [512] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Europe Europe
## [519] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [526] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [533] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [540] Europe Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [547] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [554] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [561] Africa Africa Africa Africa Europe Europe Europe
## [568] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [575] Europe Europe Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [582] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [589] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [596] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Americas Americas
## [603] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [610] Americas Americas Americas Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [617] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [624] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [631] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Americas
## [638] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [645] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [652] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [659] Americas Americas Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [666] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [673] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [680] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [687] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [694] Europe Europe Europe Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [701] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [708] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [715] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [722] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [729] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [736] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [743] Asia Asia Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [750] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [757] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [764] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Europe Europe
## [771] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [778] Europe Europe Europe Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [785] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [792] Americas Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [799] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [806] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [813] Asia Asia Asia Asia Africa Africa Africa
## [820] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [827] Africa Africa Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [834] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [841] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [848] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [855] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [862] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [869] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [876] Asia Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [883] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [890] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [897] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [904] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [911] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [918] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [925] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [932] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Asia Asia
## [939] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [946] Asia Asia Asia Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [953] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [960] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [967] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [974] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [981] Africa Africa Africa Africa Americas Americas Americas
## [988] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [995] Americas Americas Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [1002] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [1009] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [1016] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Africa Africa
## [1023] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1030] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1037] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1044] Africa Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [1051] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Africa
## [1058] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1065] Africa Africa Africa Africa Asia Asia Asia
## [1072] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [1079] Asia Asia Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [1086] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [1093] Oceania Oceania Oceania Oceania Oceania Oceania Oceania
## [1100] Oceania Oceania Oceania Oceania Oceania Americas Americas
## [1107] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [1114] Americas Americas Americas Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1121] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1128] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1135] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Europe
## [1142] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [1149] Europe Europe Europe Europe Asia Asia Asia
## [1156] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [1163] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [1170] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [1177] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [1184] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [1191] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [1198] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [1205] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [1212] Americas Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [1219] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Europe
## [1226] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [1233] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [1240] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [1247] Europe Europe Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [1254] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [1261] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1268] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Europe Europe
## [1275] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [1282] Europe Europe Europe Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1289] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1296] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1303] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Asia
## [1310] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [1317] Asia Asia Asia Asia Africa Africa Africa
## [1324] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1331] Africa Africa Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [1338] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [1345] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1352] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Asia Asia
## [1359] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [1366] Asia Asia Asia Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [1373] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [1380] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [1387] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Africa
## [1394] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1401] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1408] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1415] Africa Africa Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [1422] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [1429] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [1436] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Africa Africa
## [1443] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1450] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1457] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1464] Africa Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [1471] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [1478] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [1485] Europe Europe Europe Europe Asia Asia Asia
## [1492] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [1499] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [1506] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [1513] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1520] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Asia Asia
## [1527] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [1534] Asia Asia Asia Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1541] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1548] Africa Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [1555] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Africa
## [1562] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1569] Africa Africa Africa Africa Europe Europe Europe
## [1576] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [1583] Europe Europe Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1590] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1597] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe
## [1604] Europe Europe Europe Europe Europe Americas Americas
## [1611] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [1618] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [1625] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [1632] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas
## [1639] Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Americas Asia
## [1646] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [1653] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [1660] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [1667] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [1674] Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia
## [1681] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1688] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1695] Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa Africa
## [1702] Africa Africa Africa
## Levels: Africa Americas Asia Europe Oceania칼럼 다수를 선택할 때, 리스트로 칼럼명을 넘긴다:
gap[, list(continent, country, pop)]## continent country pop
## 1: Asia Afghanistan 8425333
## 2: Asia Afghanistan 9240934
## 3: Asia Afghanistan 10267083
## 4: Asia Afghanistan 11537966
## 5: Asia Afghanistan 13079460
## ---
## 1700: Africa Zimbabwe 9216418
## 1701: Africa Zimbabwe 10704340
## 1702: Africa Zimbabwe 11404948
## 1703: Africa Zimbabwe 11926563
## 1704: Africa Zimbabwe 12311143# 데이터프레임 대응표현
gap_df[, c("continent", "country", "pop")]## continent country pop
## 1 Asia Afghanistan 8425333
## 2 Asia Afghanistan 9240934
## 3 Asia Afghanistan 10267083
## 4 Asia Afghanistan 11537966
## 5 Asia Afghanistan 13079460
## 6 Asia Afghanistan 14880372
## 7 Asia Afghanistan 12881816
## 8 Asia Afghanistan 13867957
## 9 Asia Afghanistan 16317921
## 10 Asia Afghanistan 22227415
## 11 Asia Afghanistan 25268405
## 12 Asia Afghanistan 31889923
## 13 Europe Albania 1282697
## 14 Europe Albania 1476505
## 15 Europe Albania 1728137
## 16 Europe Albania 1984060
## 17 Europe Albania 2263554
## 18 Europe Albania 2509048
## 19 Europe Albania 2780097
## 20 Europe Albania 3075321
## 21 Europe Albania 3326498
## 22 Europe Albania 3428038
## 23 Europe Albania 3508512
## 24 Europe Albania 3600523
## 25 Africa Algeria 9279525
## 26 Africa Algeria 10270856
## 27 Africa Algeria 11000948
## 28 Africa Algeria 12760499
## 29 Africa Algeria 14760787
## 30 Africa Algeria 17152804
## 31 Africa Algeria 20033753
## 32 Africa Algeria 23254956
## 33 Africa Algeria 26298373
## 34 Africa Algeria 29072015
## 35 Africa Algeria 31287142
## 36 Africa Algeria 33333216
## 37 Africa Angola 4232095
## 38 Africa Angola 4561361
## 39 Africa Angola 4826015
## 40 Africa Angola 5247469
## 41 Africa Angola 5894858
## 42 Africa Angola 6162675
## 43 Africa Angola 7016384
## 44 Africa Angola 7874230
## 45 Africa Angola 8735988
## 46 Africa Angola 9875024
## 47 Africa Angola 10866106
## 48 Africa Angola 12420476
## 49 Americas Argentina 17876956
## 50 Americas Argentina 19610538
## 51 Americas Argentina 21283783
## 52 Americas Argentina 22934225
## 53 Americas Argentina 24779799
## 54 Americas Argentina 26983828
## 55 Americas Argentina 29341374
## 56 Americas Argentina 31620918
## 57 Americas Argentina 33958947
## 58 Americas Argentina 36203463
## 59 Americas Argentina 38331121
## 60 Americas Argentina 40301927
## 61 Oceania Australia 8691212
## 62 Oceania Australia 9712569
## 63 Oceania Australia 10794968
## 64 Oceania Australia 11872264
## 65 Oceania Australia 13177000
## 66 Oceania Australia 14074100
## 67 Oceania Australia 15184200
## 68 Oceania Australia 16257249
## 69 Oceania Australia 17481977
## 70 Oceania Australia 18565243
## 71 Oceania Australia 19546792
## 72 Oceania Australia 20434176
## 73 Europe Austria 6927772
## 74 Europe Austria 6965860
## 75 Europe Austria 7129864
## 76 Europe Austria 7376998
## 77 Europe Austria 7544201
## 78 Europe Austria 7568430
## 79 Europe Austria 7574613
## 80 Europe Austria 7578903
## 81 Europe Austria 7914969
## 82 Europe Austria 8069876
## 83 Europe Austria 8148312
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## 1612 Americas United States 198712000
## 1613 Americas United States 209896000
## 1614 Americas United States 220239000
## 1615 Americas United States 232187835
## 1616 Americas United States 242803533
## 1617 Americas United States 256894189
## 1618 Americas United States 272911760
## 1619 Americas United States 287675526
## 1620 Americas United States 301139947
## 1621 Americas Uruguay 2252965
## 1622 Americas Uruguay 2424959
## 1623 Americas Uruguay 2598466
## 1624 Americas Uruguay 2748579
## 1625 Americas Uruguay 2829526
## 1626 Americas Uruguay 2873520
## 1627 Americas Uruguay 2953997
## 1628 Americas Uruguay 3045153
## 1629 Americas Uruguay 3149262
## 1630 Americas Uruguay 3262838
## 1631 Americas Uruguay 3363085
## 1632 Americas Uruguay 3447496
## 1633 Americas Venezuela 5439568
## 1634 Americas Venezuela 6702668
## 1635 Americas Venezuela 8143375
## 1636 Americas Venezuela 9709552
## 1637 Americas Venezuela 11515649
## 1638 Americas Venezuela 13503563
## 1639 Americas Venezuela 15620766
## 1640 Americas Venezuela 17910182
## 1641 Americas Venezuela 20265563
## 1642 Americas Venezuela 22374398
## 1643 Americas Venezuela 24287670
## 1644 Americas Venezuela 26084662
## 1645 Asia Vietnam 26246839
## 1646 Asia Vietnam 28998543
## 1647 Asia Vietnam 33796140
## 1648 Asia Vietnam 39463910
## 1649 Asia Vietnam 44655014
## 1650 Asia Vietnam 50533506
## 1651 Asia Vietnam 56142181
## 1652 Asia Vietnam 62826491
## 1653 Asia Vietnam 69940728
## 1654 Asia Vietnam 76048996
## 1655 Asia Vietnam 80908147
## 1656 Asia Vietnam 85262356
## 1657 Asia West Bank and Gaza 1030585
## 1658 Asia West Bank and Gaza 1070439
## 1659 Asia West Bank and Gaza 1133134
## 1660 Asia West Bank and Gaza 1142636
## 1661 Asia West Bank and Gaza 1089572
## 1662 Asia West Bank and Gaza 1261091
## 1663 Asia West Bank and Gaza 1425876
## 1664 Asia West Bank and Gaza 1691210
## 1665 Asia West Bank and Gaza 2104779
## 1666 Asia West Bank and Gaza 2826046
## 1667 Asia West Bank and Gaza 3389578
## 1668 Asia West Bank and Gaza 4018332
## 1669 Asia Yemen Rep. 4963829
## 1670 Asia Yemen Rep. 5498090
## 1671 Asia Yemen Rep. 6120081
## 1672 Asia Yemen Rep. 6740785
## 1673 Asia Yemen Rep. 7407075
## 1674 Asia Yemen Rep. 8403990
## 1675 Asia Yemen Rep. 9657618
## 1676 Asia Yemen Rep. 11219340
## 1677 Asia Yemen Rep. 13367997
## 1678 Asia Yemen Rep. 15826497
## 1679 Asia Yemen Rep. 18701257
## 1680 Asia Yemen Rep. 22211743
## 1681 Africa Zambia 2672000
## 1682 Africa Zambia 3016000
## 1683 Africa Zambia 3421000
## 1684 Africa Zambia 3900000
## 1685 Africa Zambia 4506497
## 1686 Africa Zambia 5216550
## 1687 Africa Zambia 6100407
## 1688 Africa Zambia 7272406
## 1689 Africa Zambia 8381163
## 1690 Africa Zambia 9417789
## 1691 Africa Zambia 10595811
## 1692 Africa Zambia 11746035
## 1693 Africa Zimbabwe 3080907
## 1694 Africa Zimbabwe 3646340
## 1695 Africa Zimbabwe 4277736
## 1696 Africa Zimbabwe 4995432
## 1697 Africa Zimbabwe 5861135
## 1698 Africa Zimbabwe 6642107
## 1699 Africa Zimbabwe 7636524
## 1700 Africa Zimbabwe 9216418
## 1701 Africa Zimbabwe 10704340
## 1702 Africa Zimbabwe 11404948
## 1703 Africa Zimbabwe 11926563
## 1704 Africa Zimbabwe 12311143리스트를 사용해서 출력 칼럼명을 변경할 수도 있다:
gap[, list(a=continent, b=country, c=pop)] # 데이터테이블을 변경하지는 않는다.## a b c
## 1: Asia Afghanistan 8425333
## 2: Asia Afghanistan 9240934
## 3: Asia Afghanistan 10267083
## 4: Asia Afghanistan 11537966
## 5: Asia Afghanistan 13079460
## ---
## 1700: Africa Zimbabwe 9216418
## 1701: Africa Zimbabwe 10704340
## 1702: Africa Zimbabwe 11404948
## 1703: Africa Zimbabwe 11926563
## 1704: Africa Zimbabwe 12311143임시 칼럼을 생성할 수도 있다. 리스트 인자를 사용해서 임시 칼럼을 생성하고, 출력 데이터구조에만 존재하게 된다:
# total_gdp 칼럼은 출력에만 존재한다.
gap[,list(continent, country, year, total_gdp=pop*gdpPercap)]## continent country year total_gdp
## 1: Asia Afghanistan 1952 6567086330
## 2: Asia Afghanistan 1957 7585448670
## 3: Asia Afghanistan 1962 8758855797
## 4: Asia Afghanistan 1967 9648014150
## 5: Asia Afghanistan 1972 9678553274
## ---
## 1700: Africa Zimbabwe 1987 6508240905
## 1701: Africa Zimbabwe 1992 7422611852
## 1702: Africa Zimbabwe 1997 9037850590
## 1703: Africa Zimbabwe 2002 8015110972
## 1704: Africa Zimbabwe 2007 5782658337# gap에 포함된 것을 다시 확인한다:
gap## country year pop continent lifeExp gdpPercap
## 1: Afghanistan 1952 8425333 Asia 28.801 779.4453
## 2: Afghanistan 1957 9240934 Asia 30.332 820.8530
## 3: Afghanistan 1962 10267083 Asia 31.997 853.1007
## 4: Afghanistan 1967 11537966 Asia 34.020 836.1971
## 5: Afghanistan 1972 13079460 Asia 36.088 739.9811
## ---
## 1700: Zimbabwe 1987 9216418 Africa 62.351 706.1573
## 1701: Zimbabwe 1992 10704340 Africa 60.377 693.4208
## 1702: Zimbabwe 1997 11404948 Africa 46.809 792.4500
## 1703: Zimbabwe 2002 11926563 Africa 39.989 672.0386
## 1704: Zimbabwe 2007 12311143 Africa 43.487 469.7093# 대응되는 데이터프레임 호출:
cbind(gap_df[,c("continent", "country", "year")], total_gdp = gap_df$pop * gap_df$gdpPercap)## continent country year total_gdp
## 1 Asia Afghanistan 1952 6.567086e+09
## 2 Asia Afghanistan 1957 7.585449e+09
## 3 Asia Afghanistan 1962 8.758856e+09
## 4 Asia Afghanistan 1967 9.648014e+09
## 5 Asia Afghanistan 1972 9.678553e+09
## 6 Asia Afghanistan 1977 1.169766e+10
## 7 Asia Afghanistan 1982 1.259856e+10
## 8 Asia Afghanistan 1987 1.182099e+10
## 9 Asia Afghanistan 1992 1.059590e+10
## 10 Asia Afghanistan 1997 1.412200e+10
## 11 Asia Afghanistan 2002 1.836341e+10
## 12 Asia Afghanistan 2007 3.107929e+10
## 13 Europe Albania 1952 2.053670e+09
## 14 Europe Albania 1957 2.867792e+09
## 15 Europe Albania 1962 3.996989e+09
## 16 Europe Albania 1967 5.476396e+09
## 17 Europe Albania 1972 7.500110e+09
## 18 Europe Albania 1977 8.864476e+09
## 19 Europe Albania 1982 1.009420e+10
## 20 Europe Albania 1987 1.149842e+10
## 21 Europe Albania 1992 8.307722e+09
## 22 Europe Albania 1997 1.094591e+10
## 23 Europe Albania 2002 1.615393e+10
## 24 Europe Albania 2007 2.137641e+10
## 25 Africa Algeria 1952 2.272563e+10
## 26 Africa Algeria 1957 3.095611e+10
## 27 Africa Algeria 1962 2.806140e+10
## 28 Africa Algeria 1967 4.143324e+10
## 29 Africa Algeria 1972 6.173941e+10
## 30 Africa Algeria 1977 8.422742e+10
## 31 Africa Algeria 1982 1.150971e+11
## 32 Africa Algeria 1987 1.321197e+11
## 33 Africa Algeria 1992 1.321024e+11
## 34 Africa Algeria 1997 1.394670e+11
## 35 Africa Algeria 2002 1.654477e+11
## 36 Africa Algeria 2007 2.074449e+11
## 37 Africa Angola 1952 1.489956e+10
## 38 Africa Angola 1957 1.746062e+10
## 39 Africa Angola 1962 2.060359e+10
## 40 Africa Angola 1967 2.898060e+10
## 41 Africa Angola 1972 3.226426e+10
## 42 Africa Angola 1977 1.854132e+10
## 43 Africa Angola 1982 1.934385e+10
## 44 Africa Angola 1987 1.913602e+10
## 45 Africa Angola 1992 2.295683e+10
## 46 Africa Angola 1997 2.248682e+10
## 47 Africa Angola 2002 3.013483e+10
## 48 Africa Angola 2007 5.958390e+10
## 49 Americas Argentina 1952 1.056763e+11
## 50 Americas Argentina 1957 1.344666e+11
## 51 Americas Argentina 1962 1.518208e+11
## 52 Americas Argentina 1967 1.846882e+11
## 53 Americas Argentina 1972 2.339966e+11
## 54 Americas Argentina 1977 2.719707e+11
## 55 Americas Argentina 1982 2.640107e+11
## 56 Americas Argentina 1987 2.890048e+11
## 57 Americas Argentina 1992 3.161041e+11
## 58 Americas Argentina 1997 3.970536e+11
## 59 Americas Argentina 2002 3.372234e+11
## 60 Americas Argentina 2007 5.150336e+11
## 61 Oceania Australia 1952 8.725625e+10
## 62 Oceania Australia 1957 1.063492e+11
## 63 Oceania Australia 1962 1.318846e+11
## 64 Oceania Australia 1967 1.724580e+11
## 65 Oceania Australia 1972 2.212238e+11
## 66 Oceania Australia 1977 2.580373e+11
## 67 Oceania Australia 1982 2.957428e+11
## 68 Oceania Australia 1987 3.558531e+11
## 69 Oceania Australia 1992 4.095112e+11
## 70 Oceania Australia 1997 5.012233e+11
## 71 Oceania Australia 2002 5.998472e+11
## 72 Oceania Australia 2007 7.036584e+11
## 73 Europe Austria 1952 4.251627e+10
## 74 Europe Austria 1957 6.159630e+10
## 75 Europe Austria 1962 7.665118e+10
## 76 Europe Austria 1967 9.468084e+10
## 77 Europe Austria 1972 1.256987e+11
## 78 Europe Austria 1977 1.494721e+11
## 79 Europe Austria 1982 1.635896e+11
## 80 Europe Austria 1987 1.795277e+11
## 81 Europe Austria 1992 2.140367e+11
## 82 Europe Austria 1997 2.348005e+11
## 83 Europe Austria 2002 2.641488e+11
## 84 Europe Austria 2007 2.962294e+11
## 85 Asia Bahrain 1952 1.188461e+09
## 86 Asia Bahrain 1957 1.613362e+09
## 87 Asia Bahrain 1962 2.191816e+09
## 88 Asia Bahrain 1967 2.993238e+09
## 89 Asia Bahrain 1972 4.216406e+09
## 90 Asia Bahrain 1977 5.751940e+09
## 91 Asia Bahrain 1982 7.261180e+09
## 92 Asia Bahrain 1987 8.421244e+09
## 93 Asia Bahrain 1992 1.007917e+10
## 94 Asia Bahrain 1997 1.214601e+10
## 95 Asia Bahrain 2002 1.536203e+10
## 96 Asia Bahrain 2007 2.111268e+10
## 97 Asia Bangladesh 1952 3.208206e+10
## 98 Asia Bangladesh 1957 3.398532e+10
## 99 Asia Bangladesh 1962 3.901117e+10
## 100 Asia Bangladesh 1967 4.530627e+10
## 101 Asia Bangladesh 1972 4.459489e+10
## 102 Asia Bangladesh 1977 5.307281e+10
## 103 Asia Bangladesh 1982 6.300969e+10
## 104 Asia Bangladesh 1987 7.802857e+10
## 105 Asia Bangladesh 1992 9.526285e+10
## 106 Asia Bangladesh 1997 1.199574e+11
## 107 Asia Bangladesh 2002 1.541591e+11
## 108 Asia Bangladesh 2007 2.093118e+11
## 109 Europe Belgium 1952 7.283869e+10
## 110 Europe Belgium 1957 8.732886e+10
## 111 Europe Belgium 1962 1.013213e+11
## 112 Europe Belgium 1967 1.256588e+11
## 113 Europe Belgium 1972 1.618715e+11
## 114 Europe Belgium 1977 1.877729e+11
## 115 Europe Belgium 1982 2.067837e+11
## 116 Europe Belgium 1987 2.223318e+11
## 117 Europe Belgium 1992 2.569225e+11
## 118 Europe Belgium 1997 2.811183e+11
## 119 Europe Belgium 2002 3.143695e+11
## 120 Europe Belgium 2007 3.501412e+11
## 121 Africa Benin 1952 1.847398e+09
## 122 Africa Benin 1957 1.847398e+09
## 123 Africa Benin 1962 2.043222e+09
## 124 Africa Benin 1967 2.514309e+09
## 125 Africa Benin 1972 2.998327e+09
## 126 Africa Benin 1977 3.260658e+09
## 127 Africa Benin 1982 4.653596e+09
## 128 Africa Benin 1987 5.202273e+09
## 129 Africa Benin 1992 5.934205e+09
## 130 Africa Benin 1997 7.479327e+09
## 131 Africa Benin 2002 9.645995e+09
## 132 Africa Benin 2007 1.164315e+10
## 133 Americas Bolivia 1952 7.719575e+09
## 134 Americas Bolivia 1957 6.833571e+09
## 135 Americas Bolivia 1962 7.838236e+09
## 136 Americas Bolivia 1967 1.045274e+10
## 137 Americas Bolivia 1972 1.360781e+10
## 138 Americas Bolivia 1977 1.802333e+10
## 139 Americas Bolivia 1982 1.780974e+10
## 140 Americas Bolivia 1987 1.695274e+10
## 141 Americas Bolivia 1992 2.041633e+10
## 142 Americas Bolivia 1997 2.558864e+10
## 143 Americas Bolivia 2002 2.882546e+10
## 144 Americas Bolivia 2007 3.485465e+10
## 145 Europe Bosnia and Herzegovina 1952 2.717131e+09
## 146 Europe Bosnia and Herzegovina 1957 4.164871e+09
## 147 Europe Bosnia and Herzegovina 1962 5.725731e+09
## 148 Europe Bosnia and Herzegovina 1967 7.787883e+09
## 149 Europe Bosnia and Herzegovina 1972 1.092299e+10
## 150 Europe Bosnia and Herzegovina 1977 1.441737e+10
## 151 Europe Bosnia and Herzegovina 1982 1.721909e+10
## 152 Europe Bosnia and Herzegovina 1987 1.871884e+10
## 153 Europe Bosnia and Herzegovina 1992 1.083913e+10
## 154 Europe Bosnia and Herzegovina 1997 1.719225e+10
## 155 Europe Bosnia and Herzegovina 2002 2.507154e+10
## 156 Europe Bosnia and Herzegovina 2007 3.389703e+10
## 157 Africa Botswana 1952 3.765108e+08
## 158 Africa Botswana 1957 4.358290e+08
## 159 Africa Botswana 1962 5.043823e+08
## 160 Africa Botswana 1967 6.723914e+08
## 161 Africa Botswana 1972 1.401970e+09
## 162 Africa Botswana 1977 2.512321e+09
## 163 Africa Botswana 1982 4.416187e+09
## 164 Africa Botswana 1987 7.144114e+09
## 165 Africa Botswana 1992 1.067930e+10
## 166 Africa Botswana 1997 1.328665e+10
## 167 Africa Botswana 2002 1.793969e+10
## 168 Africa Botswana 2007 2.060363e+10
## 169 Americas Brazil 1952 1.193716e+11
## 170 Americas Brazil 1957 1.630498e+11
## 171 Americas Brazil 1962 2.537119e+11
## 172 Americas Brazil 1967 3.019989e+11
## 173 Americas Brazil 1972 5.027594e+11
## 174 Americas Brazil 1977 7.613445e+11
## 175 Americas Brazil 1982 9.067173e+11
## 176 Americas Brazil 1987 1.115931e+12
## 177 Americas Brazil 1992 1.084077e+12
## 178 Americas Brazil 1997 1.341292e+12
## 179 Americas Brazil 2002 1.462921e+12
## 180 Americas Brazil 2007 1.722599e+12
## 181 Europe Bulgaria 1952 1.778194e+10
## 182 Europe Bulgaria 1957 2.302010e+10
## 183 Europe Bulgaria 1962 3.408978e+10
## 184 Europe Bulgaria 1967 4.634615e+10
## 185 Europe Bulgaria 1972 5.658143e+10
## 186 Europe Bulgaria 1977 6.696505e+10
## 187 Europe Bulgaria 1982 7.313032e+10
## 188 Europe Bulgaria 1987 7.392763e+10
## 189 Europe Bulgaria 1992 5.457130e+10
## 190 Europe Bulgaria 1997 4.815750e+10
## 191 Europe Bulgaria 2002 5.897116e+10
## 192 Europe Bulgaria 2007 7.821393e+10
## 193 Africa Burkina Faso 1952 2.428340e+09
## 194 Africa Burkina Faso 1957 2.909042e+09
## 195 Africa Burkina Faso 1962 3.554493e+09
## 196 Africa Burkina Faso 1967 4.075819e+09
## 197 Africa Burkina Faso 1972 4.644538e+09
## 198 Africa Burkina Faso 1977 4.378233e+09
## 199 Africa Burkina Faso 1982 5.355437e+09
## 200 Africa Burkina Faso 1987 6.919414e+09
## 201 Africa Burkina Faso 1992 8.272383e+09
## 202 Africa Burkina Faso 1997 9.796843e+09
## 203 Africa Burkina Faso 2002 1.271241e+10
## 204 Africa Burkina Faso 2007 1.743546e+10
## 205 Africa Burundi 1952 8.297895e+08
## 206 Africa Burundi 1957 1.012495e+09
## 207 Africa Burundi 1962 1.052082e+09
## 208 Africa Burundi 1967 1.375624e+09
## 209 Africa Burundi 1972 1.638263e+09
## 210 Africa Burundi 1977 2.132331e+09
## 211 Africa Burundi 1982 2.563212e+09
## 212 Africa Burundi 1987 3.187458e+09
## 213 Africa Burundi 1992 3.669694e+09
## 214 Africa Burundi 1997 2.835010e+09
## 215 Africa Burundi 2002 3.134234e+09
## 216 Africa Burundi 2007 3.608510e+09
## 217 Asia Cambodia 1952 1.729534e+09
## 218 Asia Cambodia 1957 2.310185e+09
## 219 Asia Cambodia 1962 3.023033e+09
## 220 Asia Cambodia 1967 3.643124e+09
## 221 Asia Cambodia 1972 3.141354e+09
## 222 Asia Cambodia 1977 3.663575e+09
## 223 Asia Cambodia 1982 4.541489e+09
## 224 Asia Cambodia 1987 5.725431e+09
## 225 Asia Cambodia 1992 6.925441e+09
## 226 Asia Cambodia 1997 8.652054e+09
## 227 Asia Cambodia 2002 1.158525e+10
## 228 Asia Cambodia 2007 2.421888e+10
## 229 Africa Cameroon 1952 5.873971e+09
## 230 Africa Cameroon 1957 7.037837e+09
## 231 Africa Cameroon 1962 8.108812e+09
## 232 Africa Cameroon 1967 9.556814e+09
## 233 Africa Cameroon 1972 1.182444e+10
## 234 Africa Cameroon 1977 1.419588e+10
## 235 Africa Cameroon 1982 2.190581e+10
## 236 Africa Cameroon 1987 2.805846e+10
## 237 Africa Cameroon 1992 2.235567e+10
## 238 Africa Cameroon 1997 2.405249e+10
## 239 Africa Cameroon 2002 3.080878e+10
## 240 Africa Cameroon 2007 3.613752e+10
## 241 Americas Canada 1952 1.680701e+11
## 242 Americas Canada 1957 2.124560e+11
## 243 Americas Canada 1962 2.555967e+11
## 244 Americas Canada 1967 3.347108e+11
## 245 Americas Canada 1972 4.227497e+11
## 246 Americas Canada 1977 5.256835e+11
## 247 Americas Canada 1982 5.770931e+11
## 248 Americas Canada 1987 7.069260e+11
## 249 Americas Canada 1992 7.513913e+11
## 250 Americas Canada 1997 8.775034e+11
## 251 Americas Canada 2002 1.063270e+12
## 252 Americas Canada 2007 1.212704e+12
## 253 Africa Central African Republic 1952 1.383807e+09
## 254 Africa Central African Republic 1957 1.657994e+09
## 255 Africa Central African Republic 1962 1.817614e+09
## 256 Africa Central African Republic 1967 1.969511e+09
## 257 Africa Central African Republic 1972 2.062194e+09
## 258 Africa Central African Republic 1977 2.404605e+09
## 259 Africa Central African Republic 1982 2.369849e+09
## 260 Africa Central African Republic 1987 2.399456e+09
## 261 Africa Central African Republic 1992 2.442004e+09
## 262 Africa Central African Republic 1997 2.737291e+09
## 263 Africa Central African Republic 2002 2.990229e+09
## 264 Africa Central African Republic 2007 3.084613e+09
## 265 Africa Chad 1952 3.161727e+09
## 266 Africa Chad 1957 3.787905e+09
## 267 Africa Chad 1962 4.378505e+09
## 268 Africa Chad 1967 4.184010e+09
## 269 Africa Chad 1972 4.304977e+09
## 270 Africa Chad 1977 4.976221e+09
## 271 Africa Chad 1982 3.889896e+09
## 272 Africa Chad 1987 5.237128e+09
## 273 Africa Chad 1992 6.802737e+09
## 274 Africa Chad 1997 7.599529e+09
## 275 Africa Chad 2002 1.021572e+10
## 276 Africa Chad 2007 1.744758e+10
## 277 Americas Chile 1952 2.512768e+10
## 278 Americas Chile 1957 3.041835e+10
## 279 Americas Chile 1962 3.597768e+10
## 280 Americas Chile 1967 4.523938e+10
## 281 Americas Chile 1972 5.338831e+10
## 282 Americas Chile 1977 5.042071e+10
## 283 Americas Chile 1982 5.853448e+10
## 284 Americas Chile 1987 6.913502e+10
## 285 Americas Chile 1992 1.031022e+11
## 286 Americas Chile 1997 1.477229e+11
## 287 Americas Chile 2002 1.670393e+11
## 288 Americas Chile 2007 2.144967e+11
## 289 Asia China 1952 2.227550e+11
## 290 Asia China 1957 3.671387e+11
## 291 Asia China 1962 3.246787e+11
## 292 Asia China 1967 4.623171e+11
## 293 Asia China 1972 5.835082e+11
## 294 Asia China 1977 6.993242e+11
## 295 Asia China 1982 9.626918e+11
## 296 Asia China 1987 1.494780e+12
## 297 Asia China 1992 1.928939e+12
## 298 Asia China 1997 2.815930e+12
## 299 Asia China 2002 3.993927e+12
## 300 Asia China 2007 6.539501e+12
## 301 Americas Colombia 1952 2.648147e+10
## 302 Americas Colombia 1957 3.366263e+10
## 303 Americas Colombia 1962 4.239461e+10
## 304 Americas Colombia 1967 5.294249e+10
## 305 Americas Colombia 1972 7.359487e+10
## 306 Americas Colombia 1977 9.575545e+10
## 307 Americas Colombia 1982 1.220971e+11
## 308 Americas Colombia 1987 1.518245e+11
## 309 Americas Colombia 1992 1.862218e+11
## 310 Americas Colombia 1997 2.303666e+11
## 311 Americas Colombia 2002 2.360130e+11
## 312 Americas Colombia 2007 3.098839e+11
## 313 Africa Comoros 1952 1.697900e+08
## 314 Africa Comoros 1957 2.070192e+08
## 315 Africa Comoros 1962 2.696390e+08
## 316 Africa Comoros 1967 4.078076e+08
## 317 Africa Comoros 1972 4.844467e+08
## 318 Africa Comoros 1977 3.573379e+08
## 319 Africa Comoros 1982 4.417656e+08
## 320 Africa Comoros 1987 5.199624e+08
## 321 Africa Comoros 1992 5.666309e+08
## 322 Africa Comoros 1997 6.196493e+08
## 323 Africa Comoros 2002 6.609593e+08
## 324 Africa Comoros 2007 7.011117e+08
## 325 Africa Congo Dem. Rep. 1952 1.100565e+10
## 326 Africa Congo Dem. Rep. 1957 1.411143e+10
## 327 Africa Congo Dem. Rep. 1962 1.567335e+10
## 328 Africa Congo Dem. Rep. 1967 1.718109e+10
## 329 Africa Congo Dem. Rep. 1972 2.081955e+10
## 330 Africa Congo Dem. Rep. 1977 2.107235e+10
## 331 Africa Congo Dem. Rep. 1982 2.064801e+10
## 332 Africa Congo Dem. Rep. 1987 2.387116e+10
## 333 Africa Congo Dem. Rep. 1992 1.907414e+10
## 334 Africa Congo Dem. Rep. 1997 1.492229e+10
## 335 Africa Congo Dem. Rep. 2002 1.335573e+10
## 336 Africa Congo Dem. Rep. 2007 1.793173e+10
## 337 Africa Congo Rep. 1952 1.817162e+09
## 338 Africa Congo Rep. 1957 2.177213e+09
## 339 Africa Congo Rep. 1962 2.582905e+09
## 340 Africa Congo Rep. 1967 3.159326e+09
## 341 Africa Congo Rep. 1972 4.307096e+09
## 342 Africa Congo Rep. 1977 5.008605e+09
## 343 Africa Congo Rep. 1982 8.659833e+09
## 344 Africa Congo Rep. 1987 8.671665e+09
## 345 Africa Congo Rep. 1992 9.675414e+09
## 346 Africa Congo Rep. 1997 9.758960e+09
## 347 Africa Congo Rep. 2002 1.159773e+10
## 348 Africa Congo Rep. 2007 1.380594e+10
## 349 Americas Costa Rica 1952 2.433444e+09
## 350 Americas Costa Rica 1957 3.325789e+09
## 351 Americas Costa Rica 1962 4.655607e+09
## 352 Americas Costa Rica 1967 6.611808e+09
## 353 Americas Costa Rica 1972 9.390756e+09
## 354 Americas Costa Rica 1977 1.249657e+10
## 355 Americas Costa Rica 1982 1.275880e+10
## 356 Americas Costa Rica 1987 1.576270e+10
## 357 Americas Costa Rica 1992 1.954833e+10
## 358 Americas Costa Rica 1997 2.349056e+10
## 359 Americas Costa Rica 2002 2.961891e+10
## 360 Americas Costa Rica 2007 3.987157e+10
## 361 Africa Cote d'Ivoire 1952 4.133873e+09
## 362 Africa Cote d'Ivoire 1957 4.952957e+09
## 363 Africa Cote d'Ivoire 1962 6.625733e+09
## 364 Africa Cote d'Ivoire 1967 9.736713e+09
## 365 Africa Cote d'Ivoire 1972 1.443971e+10
## 366 Africa Cote d'Ivoire 1977 1.878124e+10
## 367 Africa Cote d'Ivoire 1982 2.349193e+10
## 368 Africa Cote d'Ivoire 1987 2.321122e+10
## 369 Africa Cote d'Ivoire 1992 2.105018e+10
## 370 Africa Cote d'Ivoire 1997 2.612586e+10
## 371 Africa Cote d'Ivoire 2002 2.679751e+10
## 372 Africa Cote d'Ivoire 2007 2.782622e+10
## 373 Europe Croatia 1952 1.210959e+10
## 374 Europe Croatia 1957 1.731493e+10
## 375 Europe Croatia 1962 2.233093e+10
## 376 Europe Croatia 1967 2.905483e+10
## 377 Europe Croatia 1972 3.872112e+10
## 378 Europe Croatia 1977 4.882426e+10
## 379 Europe Croatia 1982 5.835277e+10
## 380 Europe Croatia 1987 6.198475e+10
## 381 Europe Croatia 1992 3.796450e+10
## 382 Europe Croatia 1997 4.389306e+10
## 383 Europe Croatia 2002 5.210704e+10
## 384 Europe Croatia 2007 6.568873e+10
## 385 Americas Cuba 1952 3.356279e+10
## 386 Americas Cuba 1957 4.045662e+10
## 387 Americas Cuba 1962 3.758314e+10
## 388 Americas Cuba 1967 4.631498e+10
## 389 Americas Cuba 1972 4.685423e+10
## 390 Americas Cuba 1977 6.085708e+10
## 391 Americas Cuba 1982 7.162695e+10
## 392 Americas Cuba 1987 7.713594e+10
## 393 Americas Cuba 1992 5.997352e+10
## 394 Americas Cuba 1997 5.965959e+10
## 395 Americas Cuba 2002 7.118643e+10
## 396 Americas Cuba 2007 1.021604e+11
## 397 Europe Czech Republic 1952 6.274604e+10
## 398 Europe Czech Republic 1957 7.854886e+10
## 399 Europe Czech Republic 1962 9.751952e+10
## 400 Europe Czech Republic 1967 1.121148e+11
## 401 Europe Czech Republic 1972 1.292776e+11
## 402 Europe Czech Republic 1977 1.503980e+11
## 403 Europe Czech Republic 1982 1.584424e+11
## 404 Europe Czech Republic 1987 1.681867e+11
## 405 Europe Czech Republic 1992 1.474838e+11
## 406 Europe Czech Republic 1997 1.653110e+11
## 407 Europe Czech Republic 2002 1.804719e+11
## 408 Europe Czech Republic 2007 2.335561e+11
## 409 Europe Denmark 1952 4.200680e+10
## 410 Europe Denmark 1957 4.981340e+10
## 411 Europe Denmark 1962 6.312029e+10
## 412 Europe Denmark 1967 7.711698e+10
## 413 Europe Denmark 1972 9.417248e+10
## 414 Europe Denmark 1977 1.039203e+11
## 415 Europe Denmark 1982 1.109953e+11
## 416 Europe Denmark 1987 1.287712e+11
## 417 Europe Denmark 1992 1.365596e+11
## 418 Europe Denmark 1997 1.574761e+11
## 419 Europe Denmark 2002 1.728851e+11
## 420 Europe Denmark 2007 1.929066e+11
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## 422 Africa Djibouti 1957 2.058509e+08
## 423 Africa Djibouti 1962 2.715809e+08
## 424 Africa Djibouti 1967 3.854098e+08
## 425 Africa Djibouti 1972 6.607025e+08
## 426 Africa Djibouti 1977 7.047803e+08
## 427 Africa Djibouti 1982 8.810913e+08
## 428 Africa Djibouti 1987 8.957839e+08
## 429 Africa Djibouti 1992 9.131988e+08
## 430 Africa Djibouti 1997 7.919428e+08
## 431 Africa Djibouti 2002 8.537864e+08
## 432 Africa Djibouti 2007 1.033690e+09
## 433 Americas Dominican Republic 1952 3.482197e+09
## 434 Americas Dominican Republic 1957 4.514577e+09
## 435 Americas Dominican Republic 1962 5.740082e+09
## 436 Americas Dominican Republic 1967 6.696166e+09
## 437 Americas Dominican Republic 1972 1.022962e+10
## 438 Americas Dominican Republic 1977 1.422205e+10
## 439 Americas Dominican Republic 1982 1.707600e+10
## 440 Americas Dominican Republic 1987 1.929931e+10
## 441 Americas Dominican Republic 1992 2.237857e+10
## 442 Americas Dominican Republic 1997 2.888519e+10
## 443 Americas Dominican Republic 2002 3.947841e+10
## 444 Americas Dominican Republic 2007 5.615422e+10
## 445 Americas Ecuador 1952 1.249910e+10
## 446 Americas Ecuador 1957 1.534291e+10
## 447 Americas Ecuador 1962 1.912999e+10
## 448 Americas Ecuador 1967 2.487547e+10
## 449 Americas Ecuador 1972 3.326314e+10
## 450 Americas Ecuador 1977 4.862008e+10
## 451 Americas Ecuador 1982 6.034950e+10
## 452 Americas Ecuador 1987 6.186959e+10
## 453 Americas Ecuador 1992 7.635339e+10
## 454 Americas Ecuador 1997 8.849833e+10
## 455 Americas Ecuador 2002 7.459486e+10
## 456 Americas Ecuador 2007 9.454640e+10
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## 459 Africa Egypt 1962 4.770687e+10
## 460 Africa Egypt 1967 5.749758e+10
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## 464 Africa Egypt 1987 2.051487e+11
## 465 Africa Egypt 1992 2.254168e+11
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## 467 Africa Egypt 2002 3.485722e+11
## 468 Africa Egypt 2007 4.479709e+11
## 469 Americas El Salvador 1952 6.227271e+09
## 470 Americas El Salvador 1957 8.060442e+09
## 471 Americas El Salvador 1962 1.037747e+10
## 472 Americas El Salvador 1967 1.409102e+10
## 473 Americas El Salvador 1972 1.713581e+10
## 474 Americas El Salvador 1977 2.200788e+10
## 475 Americas El Salvador 1982 1.833957e+10
## 476 Americas El Salvador 1987 2.004882e+10
## 477 Americas El Salvador 1992 2.344176e+10
## 478 Americas El Salvador 1997 2.981262e+10
## 479 Americas El Salvador 2002 3.400216e+10
## 480 Americas El Salvador 2007 3.975299e+10
## 481 Africa Equatorial Guinea 1952 8.150103e+07
## 482 Africa Equatorial Guinea 1957 9.924723e+07
## 483 Africa Equatorial Guinea 1962 1.452559e+08
## 484 Africa Equatorial Guinea 1967 2.379304e+08
## 485 Africa Equatorial Guinea 1972 1.866637e+08
## 486 Africa Equatorial Guinea 1977 1.846919e+08
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## 488 Africa Equatorial Guinea 1987 3.299477e+08
## 489 Africa Equatorial Guinea 1992 4.390540e+08
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## 491 Africa Equatorial Guinea 2002 3.818061e+09
## 492 Africa Equatorial Guinea 2007 6.699346e+09
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## 498 Africa Eritrea 1977 1.270778e+09
## 499 Africa Eritrea 1982 1.384254e+09
## 500 Africa Eritrea 1987 1.519606e+09
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## 503 Africa Eritrea 2002 3.378917e+09
## 504 Africa Eritrea 2007 3.146934e+09
## 505 Africa Ethiopia 1952 7.554712e+09
## 506 Africa Ethiopia 1957 8.644931e+09
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## 508 Africa Ethiopia 1967 1.437922e+10
## 509 Africa Ethiopia 1972 1.742354e+10
## 510 Africa Ethiopia 1977 1.927548e+10
## 511 Africa Ethiopia 1982 2.202329e+10
## 512 Africa Ethiopia 1987 2.467061e+10
## 513 Africa Ethiopia 1992 2.194769e+10
## 514 Africa Ethiopia 1997 3.088181e+10
## 515 Africa Ethiopia 2002 3.601544e+10
## 516 Africa Ethiopia 2007 5.285484e+10
## 517 Europe Finland 1952 2.627950e+10
## 518 Europe Finland 1957 3.262638e+10
## 519 Europe Finland 1962 4.209310e+10
## 520 Europe Finland 1967 5.030226e+10
## 521 Europe Finland 1972 6.662026e+10
## 522 Europe Finland 1977 7.395257e+10
## 523 Europe Finland 1982 8.945831e+10
## 524 Europe Finland 1987 1.042617e+11
## 525 Europe Finland 1992 1.040832e+11
## 526 Europe Finland 1997 1.218084e+11
## 527 Europe Finland 2002 1.464675e+11
## 528 Europe Finland 2007 1.739540e+11
## 529 Europe France 1952 2.984834e+11
## 530 Europe France 1957 3.838577e+11
## 531 Europe France 1962 4.976523e+11
## 532 Europe France 1967 6.443929e+11
## 533 Europe France 1972 8.332572e+11
## 534 Europe France 1977 9.725283e+11
## 535 Europe France 1982 1.104669e+12
## 536 Europe France 1987 1.227558e+12
## 537 Europe France 1992 1.417360e+12
## 538 Europe France 1997 1.517748e+12
## 539 Europe France 2002 1.733394e+12
## 540 Europe France 2007 1.861228e+12
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## 548 Africa Gabon 1987 1.044539e+10
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## 564 Africa Gambia 2007 1.270912e+09
## 565 Europe Germany 1952 4.939866e+11
## 566 Europe Germany 1957 7.235300e+11
## 567 Europe Germany 1962 9.514162e+11
## 568 Europe Germany 1967 1.126101e+12
## 569 Europe Germany 1972 1.418181e+12
## 570 Europe Germany 1977 1.603306e+12
## 571 Europe Germany 1982 1.725846e+12
## 572 Europe Germany 1987 1.914916e+12
## 573 Europe Germany 1992 2.136268e+12
## 574 Europe Germany 1997 2.278996e+12
## 575 Europe Germany 2002 2.473468e+12
## 576 Europe Germany 2007 2.650871e+12
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## 590 Europe Greece 1957 3.980344e+10
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## 593 Europe Greece 1972 1.131063e+11
## 594 Europe Greece 1977 1.321387e+11
## 595 Europe Greece 1982 1.494241e+11
## 596 Europe Greece 1987 1.607940e+11
## 597 Europe Greece 1992 1.811235e+11
## 598 Europe Greece 1997 1.968953e+11
## 599 Europe Greece 2002 2.387381e+11
## 600 Europe Greece 2007 2.948342e+11
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## 602 Americas Guatemala 1957 9.528740e+09
## 603 Americas Guatemala 1962 1.157589e+10
## 604 Americas Guatemala 1967 1.520998e+10
## 605 Americas Guatemala 1972 2.076006e+10
## 606 Americas Guatemala 1977 2.783270e+10
## 607 Americas Guatemala 1982 3.083010e+10
## 608 Americas Guatemala 1987 3.111148e+10
## 609 Americas Guatemala 1992 3.767739e+10
## 610 Americas Guatemala 1997 4.592443e+10
## 611 Americas Guatemala 2002 5.430977e+10
## 612 Americas Guatemala 2007 6.520383e+10
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## 617 Africa Guinea 1972 2.826777e+09
## 618 Africa Guinea 1977 3.697320e+09
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## 620 Africa Guinea 1987 4.551696e+09
## 621 Africa Guinea 1992 5.552952e+09
## 622 Africa Guinea 1997 6.998057e+09
## 623 Africa Guinea 2002 8.328528e+09
## 624 Africa Guinea 2007 9.377349e+09
## 625 Africa Guinea-Bissau 1952 1.741090e+08
## 626 Africa Guinea-Bissau 1957 2.595471e+08
## 627 Africa Guinea-Bissau 1962 3.277436e+08
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## 629 Africa Guinea-Bissau 1972 5.129365e+08
## 630 Africa Guinea-Bissau 1977 5.698952e+08
## 631 Africa Guinea-Bissau 1982 6.922795e+08
## 632 Africa Guinea-Bissau 1987 6.830430e+08
## 633 Africa Guinea-Bissau 1992 7.835162e+08
## 634 Africa Guinea-Bissau 1997 9.509847e+08
## 635 Africa Guinea-Bissau 2002 7.671029e+08
## 636 Africa Guinea-Bissau 2007 8.526529e+08
## 637 Americas Haiti 1952 5.891913e+09
## 638 Americas Haiti 1957 6.057406e+09
## 639 Americas Haiti 1962 6.970999e+09
## 640 Americas Haiti 1967 6.270184e+09
## 641 Americas Haiti 1972 7.773137e+09
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## 645 Americas Haiti 1992 9.213607e+09
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## 647 Americas Haiti 2002 9.664493e+09
## 648 Americas Haiti 2007 1.021730e+10
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## 650 Americas Honduras 1957 3.931129e+09
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## 657 Americas Honduras 1992 1.564683e+10
## 658 Americas Honduras 1997 1.854541e+10
## 659 Americas Honduras 2002 2.069790e+10
## 660 Americas Honduras 2007 2.655487e+10
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## 665 Asia Hong Kong China 1972 3.422587e+10
## 666 Asia Hong Kong China 1977 5.127392e+10
## 667 Asia Hong Kong China 1982 7.665391e+10
## 668 Asia Hong Kong China 1987 1.119051e+11
## 669 Asia Hong Kong China 1992 1.443293e+11
## 670 Asia Hong Kong China 1997 1.843388e+11
## 671 Asia Hong Kong China 2002 2.042877e+11
## 672 Asia Hong Kong China 2007 2.772967e+11
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## 674 Europe Hungary 1957 5.942933e+10
## 675 Europe Hungary 1962 7.597927e+10
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## 678 Europe Hungary 1977 1.241872e+11
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## 680 Europe Hungary 1987 1.378221e+11
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## 683 Europe Hungary 2002 1.496760e+11
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## 698 Asia India 1957 2.413354e+11
## 699 Asia India 1962 2.988896e+11
## 700 Asia India 1967 3.545899e+11
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## 704 Asia India 1987 7.694920e+11
## 705 Asia India 1992 1.015363e+12
## 706 Asia India 1997 1.399006e+12
## 707 Asia India 2002 1.806461e+12
## 708 Asia India 2007 2.722925e+12
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## 710 Asia Indonesia 1957 7.740753e+10
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## 713 Asia Indonesia 1972 1.347574e+11
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## 716 Asia Indonesia 1987 2.959549e+11
## 717 Asia Indonesia 1992 4.404426e+11
## 718 Asia Indonesia 1997 6.216150e+11
## 719 Asia Indonesia 2002 6.065681e+11
## 720 Asia Indonesia 2007 7.915020e+11
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## 722 Asia Iran 1957 6.512078e+10
## 723 Asia Iran 1962 9.578098e+10
## 724 Asia Iran 1967 1.567528e+11
## 725 Asia Iran 1972 2.943174e+11
## 726 Asia Iran 1977 4.218154e+11
## 727 Asia Iran 1982 3.277119e+11
## 728 Asia Iran 1987 3.446971e+11
## 729 Asia Iran 1992 4.370188e+11
## 730 Asia Iran 1997 5.233165e+11
## 731 Asia Iran 2002 6.182793e+11
## 732 Asia Iran 2007 8.060583e+11
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## 734 Asia Iraq 1957 3.892488e+10
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## 736 Asia Iraq 1967 7.608962e+10
## 737 Asia Iraq 1972 9.634936e+10
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## 739 Asia Iraq 1982 2.057669e+11
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## 741 Asia Iraq 1992 6.690428e+10
## 742 Asia Iraq 1997 6.391104e+10
## 743 Asia Iraq 2002 1.053852e+11
## 744 Asia Iraq 2007 1.229526e+11
## 745 Europe Ireland 1952 1.538156e+10
## 746 Europe Ireland 1957 1.611538e+10
## 747 Europe Ireland 1962 1.876742e+10
## 748 Europe Ireland 1967 2.220192e+10
## 749 Europe Ireland 1972 2.882487e+10
## 750 Europe Ireland 1977 3.648490e+10
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## 752 Europe Ireland 1987 4.910856e+10
## 753 Europe Ireland 1992 6.247007e+10
## 754 Europe Ireland 1997 8.992769e+10
## 755 Europe Ireland 2002 1.321902e+11
## 756 Europe Ireland 2007 1.671412e+11
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## 758 Asia Israel 1957 1.047114e+10
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## 761 Asia Israel 1972 3.958697e+10
## 762 Asia Israel 1977 4.651885e+10
## 763 Asia Israel 1982 5.929247e+10
## 764 Asia Israel 1987 7.196832e+10
## 765 Asia Israel 1992 8.911224e+10
## 766 Asia Israel 1997 1.155872e+11
## 767 Asia Israel 2002 1.320804e+11
## 768 Asia Israel 2007 1.640299e+11
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## 770 Europe Italy 1957 3.073214e+11
## 771 Europe Italy 1962 4.191301e+11
## 772 Europe Italy 1967 5.278508e+11
## 773 Europe Italy 1972 6.670260e+11
## 774 Europe Italy 1977 7.991797e+11
## 775 Europe Italy 1982 9.349571e+11
## 776 Europe Italy 1987 1.089621e+12
## 777 Europe Italy 1992 1.251274e+12
## 778 Europe Italy 1997 1.418307e+12
## 779 Europe Italy 2002 1.620108e+12
## 780 Europe Italy 2007 1.661264e+12
## 781 Americas Jamaica 1952 4.133580e+09
## 782 Americas Jamaica 1957 7.301695e+09
## 783 Americas Jamaica 1962 8.735441e+09
## 784 Americas Jamaica 1967 1.139866e+10
## 785 Americas Jamaica 1972 1.485006e+10
## 786 Americas Jamaica 1977 1.434323e+10
## 787 Americas Jamaica 1982 1.394626e+10
## 788 Americas Jamaica 1987 1.477683e+10
## 789 Americas Jamaica 1992 1.761348e+10
## 790 Americas Jamaica 1997 1.802781e+10
## 791 Americas Jamaica 2002 1.863869e+10
## 792 Americas Jamaica 2007 2.035301e+10
## 793 Asia Japan 1952 2.781349e+11
## 794 Asia Japan 1957 3.953411e+11
## 795 Asia Japan 1962 6.302519e+11
## 796 Asia Japan 1967 9.929060e+11
## 797 Asia Japan 1972 1.584113e+12
## 798 Asia Japan 1977 1.891465e+12
## 799 Asia Japan 1982 2.296144e+12
## 800 Asia Japan 1987 2.731908e+12
## 801 Asia Japan 1992 3.335120e+12
## 802 Asia Japan 1997 3.629636e+12
## 803 Asia Japan 2002 3.634667e+12
## 804 Asia Japan 2007 4.035135e+12
## 805 Asia Jordan 1952 9.403869e+08
## 806 Asia Jordan 1957 1.408070e+09
## 807 Asia Jordan 1962 2.192005e+09
## 808 Asia Jordan 1967 3.441113e+09
## 809 Asia Jordan 1972 3.405974e+09
## 810 Asia Jordan 1977 5.526865e+09
## 811 Asia Jordan 1982 9.766972e+09
## 812 Asia Jordan 1987 1.254546e+10
## 813 Asia Jordan 1992 1.327138e+10
## 814 Asia Jordan 1997 1.649984e+10
## 815 Asia Jordan 2002 2.040678e+10
## 816 Asia Jordan 2007 2.735717e+10
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## 818 Africa Kenya 1957 7.040579e+09
## 819 Africa Kenya 1962 7.784374e+09
## 820 Africa Kenya 1967 1.076974e+10
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## 823 Africa Kenya 1982 2.381163e+10
## 824 Africa Kenya 1987 2.887045e+10
## 825 Africa Kenya 1992 3.357560e+10
## 826 Africa Kenya 1997 3.845251e+10
## 827 Africa Kenya 2002 4.041102e+10
## 828 Africa Kenya 2007 5.210657e+10
## 829 Asia Korea Dem. Rep. 1952 9.648113e+09
## 830 Asia Korea Dem. Rep. 1957 1.478655e+10
## 831 Asia Korea Dem. Rep. 1962 1.770483e+10
## 832 Asia Korea Dem. Rep. 1967 2.704507e+10
## 833 Asia Korea Dem. Rep. 1972 5.471456e+10
## 834 Asia Korea Dem. Rep. 1977 6.703668e+10
## 835 Asia Korea Dem. Rep. 1982 7.246998e+10
## 836 Asia Korea Dem. Rep. 1987 7.830076e+10
## 837 Asia Korea Dem. Rep. 1992 7.717190e+10
## 838 Asia Korea Dem. Rep. 1997 3.649516e+10
## 839 Asia Korea Dem. Rep. 2002 3.658333e+10
## 840 Asia Korea Dem. Rep. 2007 3.712117e+10
## 841 Asia Korea Rep. 1952 2.158840e+10
## 842 Asia Korea Rep. 1957 3.363680e+10
## 843 Asia Korea Rep. 1962 4.059069e+10
## 844 Asia Korea Rep. 1967 6.114267e+10
## 845 Asia Korea Rep. 1972 1.015495e+11
## 846 Asia Korea Rep. 1977 1.696905e+11
## 847 Asia Korea Rep. 1982 2.211278e+11
## 848 Asia Korea Rep. 1987 3.551642e+11
## 849 Asia Korea Rep. 1992 5.302334e+11
## 850 Asia Korea Rep. 1997 7.384822e+11
## 851 Asia Korea Rep. 2002 9.226381e+11
## 852 Asia Korea Rep. 2007 1.145105e+12
## 853 Asia Kuwait 1952 1.734118e+10
## 854 Asia Kuwait 1957 2.416294e+10
## 855 Asia Kuwait 1962 3.419940e+10
## 856 Asia Kuwait 1967 4.651480e+10
## 857 Asia Kuwait 1972 9.206369e+10
## 858 Asia Kuwait 1977 6.758380e+10
## 859 Asia Kuwait 1982 4.695248e+10
## 860 Asia Kuwait 1987 5.318564e+10
## 861 Asia Kuwait 1992 4.953820e+10
## 862 Asia Kuwait 1997 7.114450e+10
## 863 Asia Kuwait 2002 7.413713e+10
## 864 Asia Kuwait 2007 1.185305e+11
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## 866 Asia Lebanon 1957 1.003239e+10
## 867 Asia Lebanon 1962 1.078251e+10
## 868 Asia Lebanon 1967 1.313664e+10
## 869 Asia Lebanon 1972 2.006364e+10
## 870 Asia Lebanon 1977 2.698177e+10
## 871 Asia Lebanon 1982 2.358534e+10
## 872 Asia Lebanon 1987 1.661173e+10
## 873 Asia Lebanon 1992 2.218836e+10
## 874 Asia Lebanon 1997 3.003292e+10
## 875 Asia Lebanon 2002 3.425462e+10
## 876 Asia Lebanon 2007 4.102072e+10
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## 888 Africa Lesotho 2007 3.158513e+09
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## 900 Africa Liberia 2007 1.323912e+09
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## 911 Africa Libya 2002 5.118773e+10
## 912 Africa Libya 2007 7.279009e+10
## 913 Africa Madagascar 1952 6.872938e+09
## 914 Africa Madagascar 1957 8.234739e+09
## 915 Africa Madagascar 1962 9.372769e+09
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## 917 Africa Madagascar 1972 1.238407e+10
## 918 Africa Madagascar 1977 1.236489e+10
## 919 Africa Madagascar 1982 1.194932e+10
## 920 Africa Madagascar 1987 1.221145e+10
## 921 Africa Madagascar 1992 1.270707e+10
## 922 Africa Madagascar 1997 1.397099e+10
## 923 Africa Madagascar 2002 1.473778e+10
## 924 Africa Madagascar 2007 2.002579e+10
## 925 Africa Malawi 1952 1.077151e+09
## 926 Africa Malawi 1957 1.341226e+09
## 927 Africa Malawi 1962 1.552685e+09
## 928 Africa Malawi 1967 2.055025e+09
## 929 Africa Malawi 1972 2.765845e+09
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## 931 Africa Malawi 1982 4.115013e+09
## 932 Africa Malawi 1987 4.972763e+09
## 933 Africa Malawi 1992 5.640025e+09
## 934 Africa Malawi 1997 7.213508e+09
## 935 Africa Malawi 2002 7.868292e+09
## 936 Africa Malawi 2007 1.011992e+10
## 937 Asia Malaysia 1952 1.235718e+10
## 938 Asia Malaysia 1957 1.400853e+10
## 939 Asia Malaysia 1962 1.814128e+10
## 940 Asia Malaysia 1967 2.313020e+10
## 941 Asia Malaysia 1972 3.259781e+10
## 942 Asia Malaysia 1977 4.917111e+10
## 943 Asia Malaysia 1982 7.105937e+10
## 944 Asia Malaysia 1987 8.573865e+10
## 945 Asia Malaysia 1992 1.333277e+11
## 946 Asia Malaysia 1997 2.074824e+11
## 947 Asia Malaysia 2002 2.313143e+11
## 948 Asia Malaysia 2007 3.090661e+11
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## 950 Africa Mali 1957 2.080144e+09
## 951 Africa Mali 1962 2.327242e+09
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## 957 Africa Mali 1992 6.219704e+09
## 958 Africa Mali 1997 7.416559e+09
## 959 Africa Mali 2002 1.006608e+10
## 960 Africa Mali 2007 1.254413e+10
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## 962 Africa Mauritania 1957 9.111463e+08
## 963 Africa Mauritania 1962 1.210856e+09
## 964 Africa Mauritania 1967 1.748779e+09
## 965 Africa Mauritania 1972 2.114934e+09
## 966 Africa Mauritania 1977 2.181379e+09
## 967 Africa Mauritania 1982 2.402627e+09
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## 969 Africa Mauritania 1992 2.885376e+09
## 970 Africa Mauritania 1997 3.625884e+09
## 971 Africa Mauritania 2002 4.466822e+09
## 972 Africa Mauritania 2007 5.896423e+09
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## 975 Africa Mauritius 1962 1.772917e+09
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## 980 Africa Mauritius 1987 4.987669e+09
## 981 Africa Mauritius 1992 6.641070e+09
## 982 Africa Mauritius 1997 8.538210e+09
## 983 Africa Mauritius 2002 1.082804e+10
## 984 Africa Mauritius 2007 1.370590e+10
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## 986 Americas Mexico 1957 1.446684e+11
## 987 Americas Mexico 1962 1.884026e+11
## 988 Americas Mexico 1967 2.762017e+11
## 989 Americas Mexico 1972 3.812198e+11
## 990 Americas Mexico 1977 4.893533e+11
## 991 Americas Mexico 1982 6.885513e+11
## 992 Americas Mexico 1987 6.961167e+11
## 993 Americas Mexico 1992 8.346215e+11
## 994 Americas Mexico 1997 9.366364e+11
## 995 Americas Mexico 2002 1.100885e+12
## 996 Americas Mexico 2007 1.301973e+12
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## 998 Asia Mongolia 1957 8.050907e+08
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## 1000 Asia Mongolia 1967 1.409334e+09
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## 1002 Asia Mongolia 1977 2.517398e+09
## 1003 Asia Mongolia 1982 3.513123e+09
## 1004 Asia Mongolia 1987 4.711398e+09
## 1005 Asia Mongolia 1992 4.129281e+09
## 1006 Asia Mongolia 1997 4.745744e+09
## 1007 Asia Mongolia 2002 5.724838e+09
## 1008 Asia Mongolia 2007 8.897643e+09
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## 1010 Europe Montenegro 1957 1.630611e+09
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## 1017 Europe Montenegro 1992 4.353423e+09
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## 1019 Europe Montenegro 2002 4.722688e+09
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## 1026 Africa Morocco 1977 4.361216e+10
## 1027 Africa Morocco 1982 5.458950e+10
## 1028 Africa Morocco 1987 6.333136e+10
## 1029 Africa Morocco 1992 7.605443e+10
## 1030 Africa Morocco 1997 8.507788e+10
## 1031 Africa Morocco 2002 1.015601e+11
## 1032 Africa Morocco 2007 1.289583e+11
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## 1046 Asia Myanmar 1957 7.606145e+09
## 1047 Asia Myanmar 1962 9.170161e+09
## 1048 Asia Myanmar 1967 9.028725e+09
## 1049 Asia Myanmar 1972 1.016250e+10
## 1050 Asia Myanmar 1977 1.169692e+10
## 1051 Asia Myanmar 1982 1.470451e+10
## 1052 Asia Myanmar 1987 1.464100e+10
## 1053 Asia Myanmar 1992 1.406965e+10
## 1054 Asia Myanmar 1997 1.794786e+10
## 1055 Asia Myanmar 2002 2.786043e+10
## 1056 Asia Myanmar 2007 4.508731e+10
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## 1059 Africa Namibia 1962 1.971811e+09
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## 1062 Africa Namibia 1977 3.787428e+09
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## 1065 Africa Namibia 1992 5.913215e+09
## 1066 Africa Namibia 1997 6.920743e+09
## 1067 Africa Namibia 2002 8.031247e+09
## 1068 Africa Namibia 2007 9.887114e+09
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## 1070 Asia Nepal 1957 5.789422e+09
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## 1072 Asia Nepal 1967 7.617883e+09
## 1073 Asia Nepal 1972 8.375870e+09
## 1074 Asia Nepal 1977 9.671206e+09
## 1075 Asia Nepal 1982 1.134765e+10
## 1076 Asia Nepal 1987 1.389715e+10
## 1077 Asia Nepal 1992 1.824766e+10
## 1078 Asia Nepal 1997 2.325164e+10
## 1079 Asia Nepal 2002 2.735407e+10
## 1080 Asia Nepal 2007 3.154225e+10
## 1081 Europe Netherlands 1952 9.283129e+10
## 1082 Europe Netherlands 1957 1.243356e+11
## 1083 Europe Netherlands 1962 1.510048e+11
## 1084 Europe Netherlands 1967 1.935281e+11
## 1085 Europe Netherlands 1972 2.505316e+11
## 1086 Europe Netherlands 1977 2.938089e+11
## 1087 Europe Netherlands 1982 3.062349e+11
## 1088 Europe Netherlands 1987 3.468532e+11
## 1089 Europe Netherlands 1992 4.065324e+11
## 1090 Europe Netherlands 1997 4.719747e+11
## 1091 Europe Netherlands 2002 5.437385e+11
## 1092 Europe Netherlands 2007 6.097643e+11
## 1093 Oceania New Zealand 1952 2.105819e+10
## 1094 Oceania New Zealand 1957 2.730443e+10
## 1095 Oceania New Zealand 1962 3.278833e+10
## 1096 Oceania New Zealand 1967 3.945974e+10
## 1097 Oceania New Zealand 1972 4.700045e+10
## 1098 Oceania New Zealand 1977 5.137809e+10
## 1099 Oceania New Zealand 1982 5.661150e+10
## 1100 Oceania New Zealand 1987 6.305001e+10
## 1101 Oceania New Zealand 1992 6.312712e+10
## 1102 Oceania New Zealand 1997 7.738526e+10
## 1103 Oceania New Zealand 2002 9.062660e+10
## 1104 Oceania New Zealand 2007 1.036557e+11
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## 1106 Americas Nicaragua 1957 4.698034e+09
## 1107 Americas Nicaragua 1962 5.780809e+09
## 1108 Americas Nicaragua 1967 8.662204e+09
## 1109 Americas Nicaragua 1972 1.023477e+10
## 1110 Americas Nicaragua 1977 1.401547e+10
## 1111 Americas Nicaragua 1982 1.033961e+10
## 1112 Americas Nicaragua 1987 9.885855e+09
## 1113 Americas Nicaragua 1992 8.719537e+09
## 1114 Americas Nicaragua 1997 1.038547e+10
## 1115 Americas Nicaragua 2002 1.273613e+10
## 1116 Americas Nicaragua 2007 1.560338e+10
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## 1123 Africa Niger 1982 5.856052e+09
## 1124 Africa Niger 1987 4.900402e+09
## 1125 Africa Niger 1992 4.877761e+09
## 1126 Africa Niger 1997 5.609376e+09
## 1127 Africa Niger 2002 6.696364e+09
## 1128 Africa Niger 2007 7.990650e+09
## 1129 Africa Nigeria 1952 3.567860e+10
## 1130 Africa Nigeria 1957 4.091270e+10
## 1131 Africa Nigeria 1962 4.819089e+10
## 1132 Africa Nigeria 1967 4.797409e+10
## 1133 Africa Nigeria 1972 9.127156e+10
## 1134 Africa Nigeria 1977 1.232956e+11
## 1135 Africa Nigeria 1982 1.151812e+11
## 1136 Africa Nigeria 1987 1.129513e+11
## 1137 Africa Nigeria 1992 1.512359e+11
## 1138 Africa Nigeria 1997 1.725815e+11
## 1139 Africa Nigeria 2002 1.936749e+11
## 1140 Africa Nigeria 2007 2.719497e+11
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## 1142 Europe Norway 1957 4.069495e+10
## 1143 Europe Norway 1962 4.894492e+10
## 1144 Europe Norway 1967 6.194638e+10
## 1145 Europe Norway 1972 7.458964e+10
## 1146 Europe Norway 1977 9.425256e+10
## 1147 Europe Norway 1982 1.082133e+11
## 1148 Europe Norway 1987 1.320352e+11
## 1149 Europe Norway 1992 1.455889e+11
## 1150 Europe Norway 1997 1.818801e+11
## 1151 Europe Norway 2002 2.026682e+11
## 1152 Europe Norway 2007 2.284214e+11
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## 1154 Asia Oman 1957 1.260372e+09
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## 1161 Asia Oman 1992 3.565487e+10
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## 1163 Asia Oman 2002 5.365827e+10
## 1164 Asia Oman 2007 7.152110e+10
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## 1167 Asia Pakistan 1962 4.265804e+10
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## 1169 Asia Pakistan 1972 7.278799e+10
## 1170 Asia Pakistan 1977 9.190140e+10
## 1171 Asia Pakistan 1982 1.320191e+11
## 1172 Asia Pakistan 1987 1.793107e+11
## 1173 Asia Pakistan 1992 2.367477e+11
## 1174 Asia Pakistan 1997 2.778199e+11
## 1175 Asia Pakistan 2002 3.210295e+11
## 1176 Asia Pakistan 2007 4.411104e+11
## 1177 Americas Panama 1952 2.331756e+09
## 1178 Americas Panama 1957 3.149893e+09
## 1179 Americas Panama 1962 4.299460e+09
## 1180 Americas Panama 1967 6.213666e+09
## 1181 Americas Panama 1972 8.670687e+09
## 1182 Americas Panama 1977 9.846352e+09
## 1183 Americas Panama 1982 1.427369e+10
## 1184 Americas Panama 1987 1.585385e+10
## 1185 Americas Panama 1992 1.644756e+10
## 1186 Americas Panama 1997 1.945261e+10
## 1187 Americas Panama 2002 2.200097e+10
## 1188 Americas Panama 2007 3.180308e+10
## 1189 Americas Paraguay 1952 3.037550e+09
## 1190 Americas Paraguay 1957 3.623539e+09
## 1191 Americas Paraguay 1962 4.317133e+09
## 1192 Americas Paraguay 1967 5.260939e+09
## 1193 Americas Paraguay 1972 6.596268e+09
## 1194 Americas Paraguay 1977 9.694751e+09
## 1195 Americas Paraguay 1982 1.433599e+10
## 1196 Americas Paraguay 1987 1.554168e+10
## 1197 Americas Paraguay 1992 1.881648e+10
## 1198 Americas Paraguay 1997 2.189162e+10
## 1199 Americas Paraguay 2002 2.226500e+10
## 1200 Americas Paraguay 2007 2.782093e+10
## 1201 Americas Peru 1952 3.016478e+10
## 1202 Americas Peru 1957 3.882754e+10
## 1203 Americas Peru 1962 5.213069e+10
## 1204 Americas Peru 1967 7.022231e+10
## 1205 Americas Peru 1972 8.286060e+10
## 1206 Americas Peru 1977 1.004385e+11
## 1207 Americas Peru 1982 1.166262e+11
## 1208 Americas Peru 1987 1.284651e+11
## 1209 Americas Peru 1992 9.973432e+10
## 1210 Americas Peru 1997 1.444881e+11
## 1211 Americas Peru 2002 1.581811e+11
## 1212 Americas Peru 2007 2.124486e+11
## 1213 Asia Philippines 1952 2.856178e+10
## 1214 Asia Philippines 1957 4.035832e+10
## 1215 Asia Philippines 1962 5.002310e+10
## 1216 Asia Philippines 1967 6.414138e+10
## 1217 Asia Philippines 1972 8.126621e+10
## 1218 Asia Philippines 1977 1.111869e+11
## 1219 Asia Philippines 1982 1.391626e+11
## 1220 Asia Philippines 1987 1.314170e+11
## 1221 Asia Philippines 1992 1.531381e+11
## 1222 Asia Philippines 1997 1.902731e+11
## 1223 Asia Philippines 2002 2.200134e+11
## 1224 Asia Philippines 2007 2.905804e+11
## 1225 Europe Poland 1952 1.036769e+11
## 1226 Europe Poland 1957 1.336733e+11
## 1227 Europe Poland 1962 1.619223e+11
## 1228 Europe Poland 1967 2.084216e+11
## 1229 Europe Poland 1972 2.645313e+11
## 1230 Europe Poland 1977 3.291838e+11
## 1231 Europe Poland 1982 3.061768e+11
## 1232 Europe Poland 1987 3.427744e+11
## 1233 Europe Poland 1992 2.969463e+11
## 1234 Europe Poland 1997 3.927183e+11
## 1235 Europe Poland 2002 4.635982e+11
## 1236 Europe Poland 2007 5.927928e+11
## 1237 Europe Portugal 1952 2.616065e+10
## 1238 Europe Portugal 1957 3.328285e+10
## 1239 Europe Portugal 1962 4.264521e+10
## 1240 Europe Portugal 1967 5.790890e+10
## 1241 Europe Portugal 1972 8.093362e+10
## 1242 Europe Portugal 1977 9.829266e+10
## 1243 Europe Portugal 1982 1.158888e+11
## 1244 Europe Portugal 1987 1.292885e+11
## 1245 Europe Portugal 1992 1.609006e+11
## 1246 Europe Portugal 1997 1.791696e+11
## 1247 Europe Portugal 2002 2.083738e+11
## 1248 Europe Portugal 2007 2.182808e+11
## 1249 Americas Puerto Rico 1952 6.863524e+09
## 1250 Americas Puerto Rico 1957 8.830173e+09
## 1251 Americas Puerto Rico 1962 1.250546e+10
## 1252 Americas Puerto Rico 1967 1.835539e+10
## 1253 Americas Puerto Rico 1972 2.597450e+10
## 1254 Americas Puerto Rico 1977 3.010131e+10
## 1255 Americas Puerto Rico 1982 3.387532e+10
## 1256 Americas Puerto Rico 1987 4.230269e+10
## 1257 Americas Puerto Rico 1992 5.249267e+10
## 1258 Americas Puerto Rico 1997 6.390818e+10
## 1259 Americas Puerto Rico 2002 7.277521e+10
## 1260 Americas Puerto Rico 2007 7.620326e+10
## 1261 Africa Reunion 1952 7.006567e+08
## 1262 Africa Reunion 1957 8.549298e+08
## 1263 Africa Reunion 1962 1.139049e+09
## 1264 Africa Reunion 1967 1.664863e+09
## 1265 Africa Reunion 1972 2.330166e+09
## 1266 Africa Reunion 1977 2.125754e+09
## 1267 Africa Reunion 1982 2.727419e+09
## 1268 Africa Reunion 1987 2.980684e+09
## 1269 Africa Reunion 1992 3.796146e+09
## 1270 Africa Reunion 1997 4.158126e+09
## 1271 Africa Reunion 2002 4.699107e+09
## 1272 Africa Reunion 2007 6.121479e+09
## 1273 Europe Romania 1952 5.229492e+10
## 1274 Europe Romania 1957 7.030764e+10
## 1275 Europe Romania 1962 8.845317e+10
## 1276 Europe Romania 1967 1.247895e+11
## 1277 Europe Romania 1972 1.655370e+11
## 1278 Europe Romania 1977 2.026464e+11
## 1279 Europe Romania 1982 2.147434e+11
## 1280 Europe Romania 1987 2.199733e+11
## 1281 Europe Romania 1992 1.504241e+11
## 1282 Europe Romania 1997 1.657562e+11
## 1283 Europe Romania 2002 1.766663e+11
## 1284 Europe Romania 2007 2.407702e+11
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## 1287 Africa Rwanda 1962 1.823035e+09
## 1288 Africa Rwanda 1967 1.763376e+09
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## 1293 Africa Rwanda 1992 5.373380e+09
## 1294 Africa Rwanda 1997 4.255024e+09
## 1295 Africa Rwanda 2002 6.169268e+09
## 1296 Africa Rwanda 2007 7.647471e+09
## 1297 Africa Sao Tome and Principe 1952 5.278469e+07
## 1298 Africa Sao Tome and Principe 1957 5.278469e+07
## 1299 Africa Sao Tome and Principe 1962 7.002051e+07
## 1300 Africa Sao Tome and Principe 1967 9.802871e+07
## 1301 Africa Sao Tome and Principe 1972 1.174190e+08
## 1302 Africa Sao Tome and Principe 1977 1.508134e+08
## 1303 Africa Sao Tome and Principe 1982 1.863623e+08
## 1304 Africa Sao Tome and Principe 1987 1.680492e+08
## 1305 Africa Sao Tome and Principe 1992 1.798988e+08
## 1306 Africa Sao Tome and Principe 1997 1.949802e+08
## 1307 Africa Sao Tome and Principe 2002 2.305291e+08
## 1308 Africa Sao Tome and Principe 2007 3.190141e+08
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## 1310 Asia Saudi Arabia 1957 3.605370e+10
## 1311 Asia Saudi Arabia 1962 5.746973e+10
## 1312 Asia Saudi Arabia 1967 9.496468e+10
## 1313 Asia Saudi Arabia 1972 1.607666e+11
## 1314 Asia Saudi Arabia 1977 2.777328e+11
## 1315 Asia Saudi Arabia 1982 3.792056e+11
## 1316 Asia Saudi Arabia 1987 3.099132e+11
## 1317 Asia Saudi Arabia 1992 4.209625e+11
## 1318 Asia Saudi Arabia 1997 4.370505e+11
## 1319 Asia Saudi Arabia 2002 4.658854e+11
## 1320 Asia Saudi Arabia 2007 5.976958e+11
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## 1322 Africa Senegal 1957 4.788470e+09
## 1323 Africa Senegal 1962 5.677013e+09
## 1324 Africa Senegal 1967 6.394540e+09
## 1325 Africa Senegal 1972 7.331415e+09
## 1326 Africa Senegal 1977 8.216241e+09
## 1327 Africa Senegal 1982 9.335285e+09
## 1328 Africa Senegal 1987 1.033908e+10
## 1329 Africa Senegal 1992 1.136440e+10
## 1330 Africa Senegal 1997 1.327667e+10
## 1331 Africa Senegal 2002 1.651849e+10
## 1332 Africa Senegal 2007 2.100774e+10
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## 1334 Europe Serbia 1957 3.621818e+10
## 1335 Europe Serbia 1962 4.790219e+10
## 1336 Europe Serbia 1967 6.370367e+10
## 1337 Europe Serbia 1972 8.747298e+10
## 1338 Europe Serbia 1977 1.127549e+11
## 1339 Europe Serbia 1982 1.371281e+11
## 1340 Europe Serbia 1987 1.465006e+11
## 1341 Europe Serbia 1992 9.163182e+10
## 1342 Europe Serbia 1997 8.180712e+10
## 1343 Europe Serbia 2002 7.316800e+10
## 1344 Europe Serbia 2007 9.933592e+10
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## 1346 Africa Sierra Leone 1957 2.305973e+09
## 1347 Africa Sierra Leone 1962 2.755750e+09
## 1348 Africa Sierra Leone 1967 3.210717e+09
## 1349 Africa Sierra Leone 1972 3.897492e+09
## 1350 Africa Sierra Leone 1977 4.234825e+09
## 1351 Africa Sierra Leone 1982 5.075562e+09
## 1352 Africa Sierra Leone 1987 5.008096e+09
## 1353 Africa Sierra Leone 1992 4.553591e+09
## 1354 Africa Sierra Leone 1997 2.630861e+09
## 1355 Africa Sierra Leone 2002 3.748630e+09
## 1356 Africa Sierra Leone 2007 5.299935e+09
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## 1358 Asia Singapore 1957 4.110927e+09
## 1359 Asia Singapore 1962 6.431522e+09
## 1360 Asia Singapore 1967 9.843343e+09
## 1361 Asia Singapore 1972 1.850581e+10
## 1362 Asia Singapore 1977 2.606682e+10
## 1363 Asia Singapore 1982 4.022663e+10
## 1364 Asia Singapore 1987 5.270953e+10
## 1365 Asia Singapore 1992 8.015202e+10
## 1366 Asia Singapore 1997 1.274514e+11
## 1367 Asia Singapore 2002 1.512169e+11
## 1368 Asia Singapore 2007 2.146433e+11
## 1369 Europe Slovak Republic 1952 1.805633e+10
## 1370 Europe Slovak Republic 1957 2.342419e+10
## 1371 Europe Slovak Republic 1962 3.170033e+10
## 1372 Europe Slovak Republic 1967 3.737211e+10
## 1373 Europe Slovak Republic 1972 4.443764e+10
## 1374 Europe Slovak Republic 1977 5.273247e+10
## 1375 Europe Slovak Republic 1982 5.728795e+10
## 1376 Europe Slovak Republic 1987 6.258558e+10
## 1377 Europe Slovak Republic 1992 5.036931e+10
## 1378 Europe Slovak Republic 1997 6.527562e+10
## 1379 Europe Slovak Republic 2002 7.378650e+10
## 1380 Europe Slovak Republic 2007 1.017502e+11
## 1381 Europe Slovenia 1952 6.278381e+09
## 1382 Europe Slovenia 1957 8.987280e+09
## 1383 Europe Slovenia 1962 1.171756e+10
## 1384 Europe Slovenia 1967 1.549001e+10
## 1385 Europe Slovenia 1972 2.098394e+10
## 1386 Europe Slovenia 1977 2.668773e+10
## 1387 Europe Slovenia 1982 3.325447e+10
## 1388 Europe Slovenia 1987 3.634600e+10
## 1389 Europe Slovenia 1992 2.841820e+10
## 1390 Europe Slovenia 1997 3.452149e+10
## 1391 Europe Slovenia 2002 4.155757e+10
## 1392 Europe Slovenia 2007 5.177474e+10
## 1393 Africa Somalia 1952 2.870033e+09
## 1394 Africa Somalia 1957 3.498172e+09
## 1395 Africa Somalia 1962 4.218234e+09
## 1396 Africa Somalia 1967 4.405143e+09
## 1397 Africa Somalia 1972 4.817774e+09
## 1398 Africa Somalia 1977 6.317137e+09
## 1399 Africa Somalia 1982 6.859481e+09
## 1400 Africa Somalia 1987 7.567286e+09
## 1401 Africa Somalia 1992 5.654271e+09
## 1402 Africa Somalia 1997 6.173124e+09
## 1403 Africa Somalia 2002 6.839054e+09
## 1404 Africa Somalia 2007 8.445270e+09
## 1405 Africa South Africa 1952 6.740603e+10
## 1406 Africa South Africa 1957 8.862523e+10
## 1407 Africa South Africa 1962 1.058946e+11
## 1408 Africa South Africa 1967 1.493850e+11
## 1409 Africa South Africa 1972 1.858846e+11
## 1410 Africa South Africa 1977 2.178168e+11
## 1411 Africa South Africa 1982 2.668161e+11
## 1412 Africa South Africa 1987 2.812083e+11
## 1413 Africa South Africa 1992 2.887438e+11
## 1414 Africa South Africa 1997 3.203711e+11
## 1415 Africa South Africa 2002 3.426253e+11
## 1416 Africa South Africa 2007 4.078448e+11
## 1417 Europe Spain 1952 1.094612e+11
## 1418 Europe Spain 1957 1.362211e+11
## 1419 Europe Spain 1962 1.774091e+11
## 1420 Europe Spain 1967 2.625891e+11
## 1421 Europe Spain 1972 3.671769e+11
## 1422 Europe Spain 1977 4.823402e+11
## 1423 Europe Spain 1982 5.289620e+11
## 1424 Europe Spain 1987 6.129536e+11
## 1425 Europe Spain 1992 7.357407e+11
## 1426 Europe Spain 1997 8.148564e+11
## 1427 Europe Spain 2002 9.972067e+11
## 1428 Europe Spain 2007 1.165760e+12
## 1429 Asia Sri Lanka 1952 8.649123e+09
## 1430 Asia Sri Lanka 1957 9.790791e+09
## 1431 Asia Sri Lanka 1962 1.119808e+10
## 1432 Asia Sri Lanka 1967 1.332798e+10
## 1433 Asia Sri Lanka 1972 1.579445e+10
## 1434 Asia Sri Lanka 1977 1.904044e+10
## 1435 Asia Sri Lanka 1982 2.539716e+10
## 1436 Asia Sri Lanka 1987 3.095784e+10
## 1437 Asia Sri Lanka 1992 3.787794e+10
## 1438 Asia Sri Lanka 1997 4.982214e+10
## 1439 Asia Sri Lanka 2002 5.903142e+10
## 1440 Asia Sri Lanka 2007 8.090355e+10
## 1441 Africa Sudan 1952 1.374347e+10
## 1442 Africa Sudan 1957 1.726679e+10
## 1443 Africa Sudan 1962 2.191458e+10
## 1444 Africa Sudan 1967 2.146480e+10
## 1445 Africa Sudan 1972 2.422598e+10
## 1446 Africa Sudan 1977 3.768209e+10
## 1447 Africa Sudan 1982 3.860665e+10
## 1448 Africa Sudan 1987 3.728228e+10
## 1449 Africa Sudan 1992 4.212112e+10
## 1450 Africa Sudan 1997 5.249309e+10
## 1451 Africa Sudan 2002 7.393574e+10
## 1452 Africa Sudan 2007 1.100629e+11
## 1453 Africa Swaziland 1952 3.333083e+08
## 1454 Africa Swaziland 1957 4.066973e+08
## 1455 Africa Swaziland 1962 6.867985e+08
## 1456 Africa Swaziland 1967 1.099306e+09
## 1457 Africa Swaziland 1972 1.615475e+09
## 1458 Africa Swaziland 1977 2.085164e+09
## 1459 Africa Swaziland 1982 2.531614e+09
## 1460 Africa Swaziland 1987 3.105577e+09
## 1461 Africa Swaziland 1992 3.419230e+09
## 1462 Africa Swaziland 1997 4.087998e+09
## 1463 Africa Swaziland 2002 4.665883e+09
## 1464 Africa Swaziland 2007 5.114071e+09
## 1465 Europe Sweden 1952 6.075810e+10
## 1466 Europe Sweden 1957 7.298911e+10
## 1467 Europe Sweden 1962 9.323016e+10
## 1468 Europe Sweden 1967 1.200512e+11
## 1469 Europe Sweden 1972 1.448369e+11
## 1470 Europe Sweden 1977 1.555908e+11
## 1471 Europe Sweden 1982 1.720613e+11
## 1472 Europe Sweden 1987 1.986350e+11
## 1473 Europe Sweden 1992 2.082067e+11
## 1474 Europe Sweden 1997 2.248125e+11
## 1475 Europe Sweden 2002 2.627301e+11
## 1476 Europe Sweden 2007 3.057904e+11
## 1477 Europe Switzerland 1952 7.094533e+10
## 1478 Europe Switzerland 1957 9.180404e+10
## 1479 Europe Switzerland 1962 1.157626e+11
## 1480 Europe Switzerland 1967 1.392437e+11
## 1481 Europe Switzerland 1972 1.740868e+11
## 1482 Europe Switzerland 1977 1.704316e+11
## 1483 Europe Switzerland 1982 1.836800e+11
## 1484 Europe Switzerland 1987 2.013716e+11
## 1485 Europe Switzerland 1992 2.229556e+11
## 1486 Europe Switzerland 1997 2.311738e+11
## 1487 Europe Switzerland 2002 2.538404e+11
## 1488 Europe Switzerland 2007 2.833483e+11
## 1489 Asia Syria 1952 6.017702e+09
## 1490 Asia Syria 1957 8.786330e+09
## 1491 Asia Syria 1962 1.060250e+10
## 1492 Asia Syria 1967 1.069085e+10
## 1493 Asia Syria 1972 1.723155e+10
## 1494 Asia Syria 1977 2.534819e+10
## 1495 Asia Syria 1982 3.540075e+10
## 1496 Asia Syria 1987 3.504142e+10
## 1497 Asia Syria 1992 4.415884e+10
## 1498 Asia Syria 1997 6.053880e+10
## 1499 Asia Syria 2002 7.018315e+10
## 1500 Asia Syria 2007 8.082349e+10
## 1501 Asia Taiwan 1952 1.031984e+10
## 1502 Asia Taiwan 1957 1.532623e+10
## 1503 Asia Taiwan 1962 2.172678e+10
## 1504 Asia Taiwan 1967 3.608521e+10
## 1505 Asia Taiwan 1972 6.185615e+10
## 1506 Asia Taiwan 1977 9.393868e+10
## 1507 Asia Taiwan 1982 1.373979e+11
## 1508 Asia Taiwan 1987 2.184138e+11
## 1509 Asia Taiwan 1992 3.147651e+11
## 1510 Asia Taiwan 1997 4.370453e+11
## 1511 Asia Taiwan 2002 5.217337e+11
## 1512 Asia Taiwan 2007 6.655258e+11
## 1513 Africa Tanzania 1952 5.964625e+09
## 1514 Africa Tanzania 1957 6.603136e+09
## 1515 Africa Tanzania 1962 7.843819e+09
## 1516 Africa Tanzania 1967 1.069376e+10
## 1517 Africa Tanzania 1972 1.347102e+10
## 1518 Africa Tanzania 1977 1.648707e+10
## 1519 Africa Tanzania 1982 1.734880e+10
## 1520 Africa Tanzania 1987 1.916570e+10
## 1521 Africa Tanzania 1992 2.196767e+10
## 1522 Africa Tanzania 1997 2.421767e+10
## 1523 Africa Tanzania 2002 3.110237e+10
## 1524 Africa Tanzania 2007 4.223897e+10
## 1525 Asia Thailand 1952 1.613305e+10
## 1526 Asia Thailand 1957 1.987270e+10
## 1527 Asia Thailand 1962 2.932775e+10
## 1528 Asia Thailand 1967 4.407708e+10
## 1529 Asia Thailand 1972 5.987095e+10
## 1530 Asia Thailand 1977 8.658470e+10
## 1531 Asia Thailand 1982 1.168541e+11
## 1532 Asia Thailand 1987 1.578132e+11
## 1533 Asia Thailand 1992 2.616261e+11
## 1534 Asia Thailand 1997 3.524257e+11
## 1535 Asia Thailand 2002 3.713881e+11
## 1536 Asia Thailand 2007 4.853040e+11
## 1537 Africa Togo 1952 1.048204e+09
## 1538 Africa Togo 1957 1.256870e+09
## 1539 Africa Togo 1962 1.631298e+09
## 1540 Africa Togo 1967 2.564443e+09
## 1541 Africa Togo 1972 3.392280e+09
## 1542 Africa Togo 1977 3.538541e+09
## 1543 Africa Togo 1982 3.556093e+09
## 1544 Africa Togo 1987 3.792060e+09
## 1545 Africa Togo 1992 3.876090e+09
## 1546 Africa Togo 1997 4.244354e+09
## 1547 Africa Togo 2002 4.411055e+09
## 1548 Africa Togo 2007 5.034323e+09
## 1549 Americas Trinidad and Tobago 1952 2.003976e+09
## 1550 Americas Trinidad and Tobago 1957 3.136391e+09
## 1551 Americas Trinidad and Tobago 1962 4.435293e+09
## 1552 Americas Trinidad and Tobago 1967 5.397385e+09
## 1553 Americas Trinidad and Tobago 1972 6.455380e+09
## 1554 Americas Trinidad and Tobago 1977 8.207708e+09
## 1555 Americas Trinidad and Tobago 1982 1.018176e+10
## 1556 Americas Trinidad and Tobago 1987 8.802303e+09
## 1557 Americas Trinidad and Tobago 1992 8.724813e+09
## 1558 Americas Trinidad and Tobago 1997 1.000684e+10
## 1559 Americas Trinidad and Tobago 2002 1.262766e+10
## 1560 Americas Trinidad and Tobago 2007 1.902793e+10
## 1561 Africa Tunisia 1952 5.356610e+09
## 1562 Africa Tunisia 1957 5.512353e+09
## 1563 Africa Tunisia 1962 7.116976e+09
## 1564 Africa Tunisia 1967 9.250181e+09
## 1565 Africa Tunisia 1972 1.460207e+10
## 1566 Africa Tunisia 1977 1.874106e+10
## 1567 Africa Tunisia 1982 2.397496e+10
## 1568 Africa Tunisia 1987 2.943540e+10
## 1569 Africa Tunisia 1992 3.692811e+10
## 1570 Africa Tunisia 1997 4.502099e+10
## 1571 Africa Tunisia 2002 5.591598e+10
## 1572 Africa Tunisia 2007 7.288800e+10
## 1573 Europe Turkey 1952 4.378429e+10
## 1574 Europe Turkey 1957 5.695751e+10
## 1575 Europe Turkey 1962 6.919526e+10
## 1576 Europe Turkey 1967 9.443229e+10
## 1577 Europe Turkey 1972 1.293768e+11
## 1578 Europe Turkey 1977 1.810280e+11
## 1579 Europe Turkey 1982 2.007383e+11
## 1580 Europe Turkey 1987 2.691154e+11
## 1581 Europe Turkey 1992 3.303614e+11
## 1582 Europe Turkey 1997 4.162046e+11
## 1583 Europe Turkey 2002 4.380523e+11
## 1584 Europe Turkey 2007 6.018795e+11
## 1585 Africa Uganda 1952 4.279790e+09
## 1586 Africa Uganda 1957 5.169315e+09
## 1587 Africa Uganda 1962 5.899397e+09
## 1588 Africa Uganda 1967 8.089642e+09
## 1589 Africa Uganda 1972 9.688269e+09
## 1590 Africa Uganda 1977 9.667290e+09
## 1591 Africa Uganda 1982 8.828116e+09
## 1592 Africa Uganda 1987 9.440713e+09
## 1593 Africa Uganda 1992 1.175753e+10
## 1594 Africa Uganda 1997 1.731943e+10
## 1595 Africa Uganda 2002 2.295170e+10
## 1596 Africa Uganda 2007 3.081503e+10
## 1597 Europe United Kingdom 1952 5.032666e+11
## 1598 Europe United Kingdom 1957 5.802938e+11
## 1599 Europe United Kingdom 1962 6.649337e+11
## 1600 Europe United Kingdom 1967 7.772769e+11
## 1601 Europe United Kingdom 1972 8.913822e+11
## 1602 Europe United Kingdom 1977 9.791297e+11
## 1603 Europe United Kingdom 1982 1.027209e+12
## 1604 Europe United Kingdom 1987 1.234495e+12
## 1605 Europe United Kingdom 1992 1.313861e+12
## 1606 Europe United Kingdom 1997 1.533398e+12
## 1607 Europe United Kingdom 2002 1.766159e+12
## 1608 Europe United Kingdom 2007 2.017969e+12
## 1609 Americas United States 1952 2.204242e+12
## 1610 Americas United States 1957 2.553468e+12
## 1611 Americas United States 1962 3.016906e+12
## 1612 Americas United States 1967 3.880918e+12
## 1613 Americas United States 1972 4.577000e+12
## 1614 Americas United States 1977 5.301732e+12
## 1615 Americas United States 1982 5.806915e+12
## 1616 Americas United States 1987 7.256026e+12
## 1617 Americas United States 1992 8.221624e+12
## 1618 Americas United States 1997 9.761353e+12
## 1619 Americas United States 2002 1.124728e+13
## 1620 Americas United States 2007 1.293446e+13
## 1621 Americas Uruguay 1952 1.287968e+10
## 1622 Americas Uruguay 1957 1.491537e+10
## 1623 Americas Uruguay 1962 1.456013e+10
## 1624 Americas Uruguay 1967 1.496497e+10
## 1625 Americas Uruguay 1972 1.613794e+10
## 1626 Americas Uruguay 1977 1.869035e+10
## 1627 Americas Uruguay 1982 2.044232e+10
## 1628 Americas Uruguay 1987 2.269370e+10
## 1629 Americas Uruguay 1992 2.562556e+10
## 1630 Americas Uruguay 1997 3.011678e+10
## 1631 Americas Uruguay 2002 2.598656e+10
## 1632 Americas Uruguay 2007 3.658298e+10
## 1633 Americas Venezuela 1952 4.182919e+10
## 1634 Americas Venezuela 1957 6.570268e+10
## 1635 Americas Venezuela 1962 6.859144e+10
## 1636 Americas Venezuela 1967 9.264344e+10
## 1637 Americas Venezuela 1972 1.209749e+11
## 1638 Americas Venezuela 1977 1.774902e+11
## 1639 Americas Venezuela 1982 1.742092e+11
## 1640 Americas Venezuela 1987 1.770168e+11
## 1641 Americas Venezuela 1992 2.175291e+11
## 1642 Americas Venezuela 1997 2.274468e+11
## 1643 Americas Venezuela 2002 2.089966e+11
## 1644 Americas Venezuela 2007 2.977774e+11
## 1645 Asia Vietnam 1952 1.588108e+10
## 1646 Asia Vietnam 1957 1.961129e+10
## 1647 Asia Vietnam 1962 2.609228e+10
## 1648 Asia Vietnam 1967 2.514338e+10
## 1649 Asia Vietnam 1972 3.123626e+10
## 1650 Asia Vietnam 1977 3.605753e+10
## 1651 Asia Vietnam 1982 3.970576e+10
## 1652 Asia Vietnam 1987 5.156795e+10
## 1653 Asia Vietnam 1992 6.917300e+10
## 1654 Asia Vietnam 1997 1.053961e+11
## 1655 Asia Vietnam 2002 1.427589e+11
## 1656 Asia Vietnam 2007 2.081746e+11
## 1657 Asia West Bank and Gaza 1952 1.561947e+09
## 1658 Asia West Bank and Gaza 1957 1.955765e+09
## 1659 Asia West Bank and Gaza 1962 2.491712e+09
## 1660 Asia West Bank and Gaza 1967 3.027660e+09
## 1661 Asia West Bank and Gaza 1972 3.414075e+09
## 1662 Asia West Bank and Gaza 1977 4.644386e+09
## 1663 Asia West Bank and Gaza 1982 6.182644e+09
## 1664 Asia West Bank and Gaza 1987 8.637343e+09
## 1665 Asia West Bank and Gaza 1992 1.266583e+10
## 1666 Asia West Bank and Gaza 1997 2.009507e+10
## 1667 Asia West Bank and Gaza 2002 1.530560e+10
## 1668 Asia West Bank and Gaza 2007 1.215686e+10
## 1669 Asia Yemen Rep. 1952 3.880312e+09
## 1670 Asia Yemen Rep. 1957 4.425030e+09
## 1671 Asia Yemen Rep. 1962 5.052881e+09
## 1672 Asia Yemen Rep. 1967 5.813537e+09
## 1673 Asia Yemen Rep. 1972 9.370298e+09
## 1674 Asia Yemen Rep. 1977 1.537733e+10
## 1675 Asia Yemen Rep. 1982 1.909849e+10
## 1676 Asia Yemen Rep. 1987 2.212164e+10
## 1677 Asia Yemen Rep. 1992 2.512511e+10
## 1678 Asia Yemen Rep. 1997 3.351236e+10
## 1679 Asia Yemen Rep. 2002 4.179396e+10
## 1680 Asia Yemen Rep. 2007 5.065987e+10
## 1681 Africa Zambia 1952 3.065823e+09
## 1682 Africa Zambia 1957 3.956862e+09
## 1683 Africa Zambia 1962 4.969775e+09
## 1684 Africa Zambia 1967 6.930602e+09
## 1685 Africa Zambia 1972 7.992265e+09
## 1686 Africa Zambia 1977 8.287472e+09
## 1687 Africa Zambia 1982 8.593513e+09
## 1688 Africa Zambia 1987 8.823720e+09
## 1689 Africa Zambia 1992 1.014862e+10
## 1690 Africa Zambia 1997 1.008978e+10
## 1691 Africa Zambia 2002 1.135462e+10
## 1692 Africa Zambia 2007 1.493170e+10
## 1693 Africa Zimbabwe 1952 1.253572e+09
## 1694 Africa Zimbabwe 1957 1.891591e+09
## 1695 Africa Zimbabwe 1962 2.255531e+09
## 1696 Africa Zimbabwe 1967 2.846373e+09
## 1697 Africa Zimbabwe 1972 4.685170e+09
## 1698 Africa Zimbabwe 1977 4.553747e+09
## 1699 Africa Zimbabwe 1982 6.024110e+09
## 1700 Africa Zimbabwe 1987 6.508241e+09
## 1701 Africa Zimbabwe 1992 7.422612e+09
## 1702 Africa Zimbabwe 1997 9.037851e+09
## 1703 Africa Zimbabwe 2002 8.015111e+09
## 1704 Africa Zimbabwe 2007 5.782658e+09데이터테이블에 신규 칼럼을 생성할 때, := 특수 연산자를 사용한다:
# total_gdp 칼럼을 gapminder 데이터프레임에 추가
gap[, total_gdp := gdpPercap * pop]
# 데이터프레임 대응표현
gap_df <- cbind(gap_df, total_gdp = gap_df$gdpPercap * gap_df$pop)칼럼을 삭제할 때, NULL을 칼럼에 대입한다:
# total_gdp 칼럼 삭제
gap[, total_gdp := NULL]
# 데이터프레임 대응표현
gap_df <- gap_df[, -which(names(gap_df) == "total_gdp")]데이터테이블 전용 연산자
데이터테이블에는 연산에 도움이 되는 몇가지 특수 변수가 있다:
# 모든 칼럼을 얻어온다.
gap[,.SD]## country year pop continent lifeExp gdpPercap
## 1: Afghanistan 1952 8425333 Asia 28.801 779.4453
## 2: Afghanistan 1957 9240934 Asia 30.332 820.8530
## 3: Afghanistan 1962 10267083 Asia 31.997 853.1007
## 4: Afghanistan 1967 11537966 Asia 34.020 836.1971
## 5: Afghanistan 1972 13079460 Asia 36.088 739.9811
## ---
## 1700: Zimbabwe 1987 9216418 Africa 62.351 706.1573
## 1701: Zimbabwe 1992 10704340 Africa 60.377 693.4208
## 1702: Zimbabwe 1997 11404948 Africa 46.809 792.4500
## 1703: Zimbabwe 2002 11926563 Africa 39.989 672.0386
## 1704: Zimbabwe 2007 12311143 Africa 43.487 469.7093# 행 갯수를 얻어온다.
gap[,.N]## [1] 1704# 행에 대한 인덱스를 생성한다.
gap[,.I]## [1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
## [14] 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
## [27] 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39
## [40] 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52
## [53] 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65
## [66] 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78
## [79] 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91
## [92] 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104
## [105] 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117
## [118] 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130
## [131] 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143
## [144] 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156
## [157] 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169
## [170] 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182
## [183] 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195
## [196] 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208
## [209] 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221
## [222] 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234
## [235] 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247
## [248] 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260
## [261] 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273
## [274] 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286
## [287] 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299
## [300] 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312
## [313] 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325
## [326] 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338
## [339] 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351
## [352] 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364
## [365] 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377
## [378] 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390
## [391] 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403
## [404] 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416
## [417] 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429
## [430] 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442
## [443] 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455
## [456] 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468
## [469] 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481
## [482] 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494
## [495] 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507
## [508] 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520
## [521] 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533
## [534] 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546
## [547] 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559
## [560] 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572
## [573] 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585
## [586] 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598
## [599] 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611
## [612] 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622 623 624
## [625] 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637
## [638] 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 650
## [651] 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663
## [664] 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676
## [677] 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 689
## [690] 690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702
## [703] 703 704 705 706 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715
## [716] 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728
## [729] 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 736 737 738 739 740 741
## [742] 742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754
## [755] 755 756 757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 767
## [768] 768 769 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 779 780
## [781] 781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789 790 791 792 793
## [794] 794 795 796 797 798 799 800 801 802 803 804 805 806
## [807] 807 808 809 810 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 819
## [820] 820 821 822 823 824 825 826 827 828 829 830 831 832
## [833] 833 834 835 836 837 838 839 840 841 842 843 844 845
## [846] 846 847 848 849 850 851 852 853 854 855 856 857 858
## [859] 859 860 861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 870 871
## [872] 872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884
## [885] 885 886 887 888 889 890 891 892 893 894 895 896 897
## [898] 898 899 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909 910
## [911] 911 912 913 914 915 916 917 918 919 920 921 922 923
## [924] 924 925 926 927 928 929 930 931 932 933 934 935 936
## [937] 937 938 939 940 941 942 943 944 945 946 947 948 949
## [950] 950 951 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962
## [963] 963 964 965 966 967 968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975
## [976] 976 977 978 979 980 981 982 983 984 985 986 987 988
## [989] 989 990 991 992 993 994 995 996 997 998 999 1000 1001
## [1002] 1002 1003 1004 1005 1006 1007 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014
## [1015] 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1026 1027
## [1028] 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032 1033 1034 1035 1036 1037 1038 1039 1040
## [1041] 1041 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 1049 1050 1051 1052 1053
## [1054] 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066
## [1067] 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079
## [1080] 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092
## [1093] 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105
## [1106] 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118
## [1119] 1119 1120 1121 1122 1123 1124 1125 1126 1127 1128 1129 1130 1131
## [1132] 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140 1141 1142 1143 1144
## [1145] 1145 1146 1147 1148 1149 1150 1151 1152 1153 1154 1155 1156 1157
## [1158] 1158 1159 1160 1161 1162 1163 1164 1165 1166 1167 1168 1169 1170
## [1171] 1171 1172 1173 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180 1181 1182 1183
## [1184] 1184 1185 1186 1187 1188 1189 1190 1191 1192 1193 1194 1195 1196
## [1197] 1197 1198 1199 1200 1201 1202 1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209
## [1210] 1210 1211 1212 1213 1214 1215 1216 1217 1218 1219 1220 1221 1222
## [1223] 1223 1224 1225 1226 1227 1228 1229 1230 1231 1232 1233 1234 1235
## [1236] 1236 1237 1238 1239 1240 1241 1242 1243 1244 1245 1246 1247 1248
## [1249] 1249 1250 1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1259 1260 1261
## [1262] 1262 1263 1264 1265 1266 1267 1268 1269 1270 1271 1272 1273 1274
## [1275] 1275 1276 1277 1278 1279 1280 1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286 1287
## [1288] 1288 1289 1290 1291 1292 1293 1294 1295 1296 1297 1298 1299 1300
## [1301] 1301 1302 1303 1304 1305 1306 1307 1308 1309 1310 1311 1312 1313
## [1314] 1314 1315 1316 1317 1318 1319 1320 1321 1322 1323 1324 1325 1326
## [1327] 1327 1328 1329 1330 1331 1332 1333 1334 1335 1336 1337 1338 1339
## [1340] 1340 1341 1342 1343 1344 1345 1346 1347 1348 1349 1350 1351 1352
## [1353] 1353 1354 1355 1356 1357 1358 1359 1360 1361 1362 1363 1364 1365
## [1366] 1366 1367 1368 1369 1370 1371 1372 1373 1374 1375 1376 1377 1378
## [1379] 1379 1380 1381 1382 1383 1384 1385 1386 1387 1388 1389 1390 1391
## [1392] 1392 1393 1394 1395 1396 1397 1398 1399 1400 1401 1402 1403 1404
## [1405] 1405 1406 1407 1408 1409 1410 1411 1412 1413 1414 1415 1416 1417
## [1418] 1418 1419 1420 1421 1422 1423 1424 1425 1426 1427 1428 1429 1430
## [1431] 1431 1432 1433 1434 1435 1436 1437 1438 1439 1440 1441 1442 1443
## [1444] 1444 1445 1446 1447 1448 1449 1450 1451 1452 1453 1454 1455 1456
## [1457] 1457 1458 1459 1460 1461 1462 1463 1464 1465 1466 1467 1468 1469
## [1470] 1470 1471 1472 1473 1474 1475 1476 1477 1478 1479 1480 1481 1482
## [1483] 1483 1484 1485 1486 1487 1488 1489 1490 1491 1492 1493 1494 1495
## [1496] 1496 1497 1498 1499 1500 1501 1502 1503 1504 1505 1506 1507 1508
## [1509] 1509 1510 1511 1512 1513 1514 1515 1516 1517 1518 1519 1520 1521
## [1522] 1522 1523 1524 1525 1526 1527 1528 1529 1530 1531 1532 1533 1534
## [1535] 1535 1536 1537 1538 1539 1540 1541 1542 1543 1544 1545 1546 1547
## [1548] 1548 1549 1550 1551 1552 1553 1554 1555 1556 1557 1558 1559 1560
## [1561] 1561 1562 1563 1564 1565 1566 1567 1568 1569 1570 1571 1572 1573
## [1574] 1574 1575 1576 1577 1578 1579 1580 1581 1582 1583 1584 1585 1586
## [1587] 1587 1588 1589 1590 1591 1592 1593 1594 1595 1596 1597 1598 1599
## [1600] 1600 1601 1602 1603 1604 1605 1606 1607 1608 1609 1610 1611 1612
## [1613] 1613 1614 1615 1616 1617 1618 1619 1620 1621 1622 1623 1624 1625
## [1626] 1626 1627 1628 1629 1630 1631 1632 1633 1634 1635 1636 1637 1638
## [1639] 1639 1640 1641 1642 1643 1644 1645 1646 1647 1648 1649 1650 1651
## [1652] 1652 1653 1654 1655 1656 1657 1658 1659 1660 1661 1662 1663 1664
## [1665] 1665 1666 1667 1668 1669 1670 1671 1672 1673 1674 1675 1676 1677
## [1678] 1678 1679 1680 1681 1682 1683 1684 1685 1686 1687 1688 1689 1690
## [1691] 1691 1692 1693 1694 1695 1696 1697 1698 1699 1700 1701 1702 1703
## [1704] 1704[ 함수에 데이터테이블 추가 인자와 결합하면 매우 유용하다:
# 각 대륙별로 얼마나 많은 국가가 있나?
gap[year == 2007, list(countries=.N), by=continent]## continent countries
## 1: Asia 33
## 2: Europe 30
## 3: Africa 52
## 4: Americas 25
## 5: Oceania 2by 인자를 사용해서 그룹 집단내 연산도 쉽게 수행할 수 있다:
# 대륙별 연도별 평균 기대수명:
gap[, list(avgLifeExp=mean(lifeExp)), by=list(continent, year)]## continent year avgLifeExp
## 1: Asia 1952 46.31439
## 2: Asia 1957 49.31854
## 3: Asia 1962 51.56322
## 4: Asia 1967 54.66364
## 5: Asia 1972 57.31927
## 6: Asia 1977 59.61056
## 7: Asia 1982 62.61794
## 8: Asia 1987 64.85118
## 9: Asia 1992 66.53721
## 10: Asia 1997 68.02052
## 11: Asia 2002 69.23388
## 12: Asia 2007 70.72848
## 13: Europe 1952 64.40850
## 14: Europe 1957 66.70307
## 15: Europe 1962 68.53923
## 16: Europe 1967 69.73760
## 17: Europe 1972 70.77503
## 18: Europe 1977 71.93777
## 19: Europe 1982 72.80640
## 20: Europe 1987 73.64217
## 21: Europe 1992 74.44010
## 22: Europe 1997 75.50517
## 23: Europe 2002 76.70060
## 24: Europe 2007 77.64860
## 25: Africa 1952 39.13550
## 26: Africa 1957 41.26635
## 27: Africa 1962 43.31944
## 28: Africa 1967 45.33454
## 29: Africa 1972 47.45094
## 30: Africa 1977 49.58042
## 31: Africa 1982 51.59287
## 32: Africa 1987 53.34479
## 33: Africa 1992 53.62958
## 34: Africa 1997 53.59827
## 35: Africa 2002 53.32523
## 36: Africa 2007 54.80604
## 37: Americas 1952 53.27984
## 38: Americas 1957 55.96028
## 39: Americas 1962 58.39876
## 40: Americas 1967 60.41092
## 41: Americas 1972 62.39492
## 42: Americas 1977 64.39156
## 43: Americas 1982 66.22884
## 44: Americas 1987 68.09072
## 45: Americas 1992 69.56836
## 46: Americas 1997 71.15048
## 47: Americas 2002 72.42204
## 48: Americas 2007 73.60812
## 49: Oceania 1952 69.25500
## 50: Oceania 1957 70.29500
## 51: Oceania 1962 71.08500
## 52: Oceania 1967 71.31000
## 53: Oceania 1972 71.91000
## 54: Oceania 1977 72.85500
## 55: Oceania 1982 74.29000
## 56: Oceania 1987 75.32000
## 57: Oceania 1992 76.94500
## 58: Oceania 1997 78.19000
## 59: Oceania 2002 79.74000
## 60: Oceania 2007 80.71950
## continent year avgLifeExpwith 인자는 문자벡터로 칼럼명을 전달이 가능하게 한다:
gap[,c("continent", "country", "year"), with=FALSE]## continent country year
## 1: Asia Afghanistan 1952
## 2: Asia Afghanistan 1957
## 3: Asia Afghanistan 1962
## 4: Asia Afghanistan 1967
## 5: Asia Afghanistan 1972
## ---
## 1700: Africa Zimbabwe 1987
## 1701: Africa Zimbabwe 1992
## 1702: Africa Zimbabwe 1997
## 1703: Africa Zimbabwe 2002
## 1704: Africa Zimbabwe 2007키(Keys)
데이터테이블의 장점 하나가 각 테이블에 “키(key)”를 설정할 수 있는 능력이다: 각 행에 대해 유일무이한 식별자로 칼럼이 동작한다. 즉:
setkey(gap, continent, country, year)tables() 함수를 사용해서 변경사항을 볼 수 있는데, R 세션에서 모든 데이터테이블을 볼 수 있다:
tables()## NAME NROW NCOL MB COLS
## [1,] gap 1,704 6 1 country,year,pop,continent,lifeExp,gdpPercap
## [2,] gap_dt2 1,704 6 1 country,year,pop,continent,lifeExp,gdpPercap
## KEY
## [1,] continent,country,year
## [2,]
## Total: 2MB이 기능은 테이블이 다수 존재할 때 매우 유용하다: 테이블을 효율적으로 병합할 수 있게 하는데, 신뢰성과 간결성도 보장한다:
landSize <- data.table(
country=c("Australia", "New Zealand"),
size=c(7692024, 268021)
)
setkey(landSize, country)
setkey(gap, country)
# Join landSize to gap, keeping only 'keys' (rows) in gap that also exist in
# landSize
gap[landSize]## country year pop continent lifeExp gdpPercap size
## 1: Australia 1952 8691212 Oceania 69.120 10039.60 7692024
## 2: Australia 1957 9712569 Oceania 70.330 10949.65 7692024
## 3: Australia 1962 10794968 Oceania 70.930 12217.23 7692024
## 4: Australia 1967 11872264 Oceania 71.100 14526.12 7692024
## 5: Australia 1972 13177000 Oceania 71.930 16788.63 7692024
## 6: Australia 1977 14074100 Oceania 73.490 18334.20 7692024
## 7: Australia 1982 15184200 Oceania 74.740 19477.01 7692024
## 8: Australia 1987 16257249 Oceania 76.320 21888.89 7692024
## 9: Australia 1992 17481977 Oceania 77.560 23424.77 7692024
## 10: Australia 1997 18565243 Oceania 78.830 26997.94 7692024
## 11: Australia 2002 19546792 Oceania 80.370 30687.75 7692024
## 12: Australia 2007 20434176 Oceania 81.235 34435.37 7692024
## 13: New Zealand 1952 1994794 Oceania 69.390 10556.58 268021
## 14: New Zealand 1957 2229407 Oceania 70.260 12247.40 268021
## 15: New Zealand 1962 2488550 Oceania 71.240 13175.68 268021
## 16: New Zealand 1967 2728150 Oceania 71.520 14463.92 268021
## 17: New Zealand 1972 2929100 Oceania 71.890 16046.04 268021
## 18: New Zealand 1977 3164900 Oceania 72.220 16233.72 268021
## 19: New Zealand 1982 3210650 Oceania 73.840 17632.41 268021
## 20: New Zealand 1987 3317166 Oceania 74.320 19007.19 268021
## 21: New Zealand 1992 3437674 Oceania 76.330 18363.32 268021
## 22: New Zealand 1997 3676187 Oceania 77.550 21050.41 268021
## 23: New Zealand 2002 3908037 Oceania 79.110 23189.80 268021
## 24: New Zealand 2007 4115771 Oceania 80.204 25185.01 268021
## country year pop continent lifeExp gdpPercap size# And vice-versa:
landSize[gap]## country size year pop continent lifeExp gdpPercap
## 1: Afghanistan NA 1952 8425333 Asia 28.801 779.4453
## 2: Afghanistan NA 1957 9240934 Asia 30.332 820.8530
## 3: Afghanistan NA 1962 10267083 Asia 31.997 853.1007
## 4: Afghanistan NA 1967 11537966 Asia 34.020 836.1971
## 5: Afghanistan NA 1972 13079460 Asia 36.088 739.9811
## ---
## 1700: Zimbabwe NA 1987 9216418 Africa 62.351 706.1573
## 1701: Zimbabwe NA 1992 10704340 Africa 60.377 693.4208
## 1702: Zimbabwe NA 1997 11404948 Africa 46.809 792.4500
## 1703: Zimbabwe NA 2002 11926563 Africa 39.989 672.0386
## 1704: Zimbabwe NA 2007 12311143 Africa 43.487 469.7093데이터테이블에 관해 더 많은 사항을 학습하려면, CRAN 팩키지 소품문을 참고한다: http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/data.table/vignettes/datatable-intro.pdf